238 BRITISH BIRDS. 
those of the rump, although obscurely defined on the upper tail-coverts ; 
the underparts are very pale buffish white, darkest on the breast, which 
is streaked with dark brown; the white on the two outermost tail- 
feathers is almost pure. Bill dark brown, paler on the lower mandible ; 
legs, feet, and claws pale brown; irides hazel. The female resembles the 
male in colour. After the autumn moult the whole of the plumage of 
both upper and under parts is more sandy. Birds of the year are very 
dark brown, the pale margins of the feathers are very white, and the spots 
on the breast are larger. Young in first plumage have the pale margins 
of the feathers still whiter, and the flanks as well as the throat and breast 
are streaked. Richard’s Pipit may always be recognized by its long tarsus, 
enormously developed hind claw, the nearly pure white on the outer tail- 
feathers, and the streaked breast. 
