274: BRITISH BIRDS. 
ALAUDA BRACHYDACTYLA. 
SHORT-TOED LARK. 
(Puate 15.) 
Alauda brachydactyla, Lets’. Wett. Annal. iii. p. 357 (1809); et auctorum pluri- 
morum—TZemminck, Naumann, (Salvadori), Degland § Gerbe, (Newton), 
(Dresser), Xe. 
Alauda arenaria, Vieill. N. Dict. d’ Hist. Nat. i. p. 345 (1816). 
Alauda testacea, Steph. Shaw's Gen. Zool. x. p. 521 (1817). 
Alauda calandrella, Bonelli, fide Savi, Orn. Tose. 11. p. 67 (1829). 
Melanocorypha brachydactyla (Leisl.), Brehm, Vog. Deutschl. p. 311 (1831). 
Emberiza baghaira, Franklin, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1851, p. 119. 
Alauda dukhunensis, Sykes, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1832, p. 93. 
Emberiza olivacea, Tickell, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 1833, p.578. 
Alauda kollyi, Temm. Man. d Orn, ili. p. 202 (1835). 
Melanocorypha arenaria (Vieill.), Bonap. Comp. List B. Eur. § N. Amer. p. 38 
(18838). 
Phileremos brachydactyla (Leis/.), Keys. u. Blas. Wirb. Eur. p. xxxvii (1840). 
Phileremos kollyi (Temm.), Keys. u. Blas. Wirb. Eur. p. xxxvii (1840). 
Phileremos moreatica, Von der Miihle, Orn. Griechenl. p. 58 (1844). 
Calandritis brachydactyla (Leisl.), Cab. Mus. Hein. i. p. 122 (1850). 
Calandritis kollyi (Temm.), Cab. Mus. Hein. 1. p. 123 (1850). 
Melanocorypha macroptera, Brehm, Journ. Orn. 1854, p. 77. 
Calandrella hermonensis, Tristram, Proe. Zool. Soc, 1864, p. 454. 
Calandritis macroptera (Lrehm), Heugl. Orn. N.O.-Afr. p. 695 (1871). 
The Short-toed Lark has occurred at least half a dozen times in our 
islands. The earliest record is that of a bird caught in a net near Shrews- 
bury on the 25th of October, 1841 (Yarrell, Hist. Brit. Birds, 1. p. 488). 
Two examples were afterwards obtained near Brighton, one about 
September 1854, and the other in April 1858 (Dawson Rowley, ‘ Ibis,’ 
1859, p. 830). A fourth specimen was shot on the Scilly Islands on the 
23rd of September, 1854 (Rodd, ‘ Zoologist,’ 1854, p. 4477) ; and a fifth 
was caught in a net near Southampton about the close of the year 1861, 
its captor asserting that he had caught a similar bird ten years previously 
(Pemberton Bartlett, ‘Zoologist,’ 1862, p. 7930). The most recent 
instance of the occurrence of this bird in England is that of one caught 
near Cambridge in the middle of November, 1882 (Harting, ‘ Zoologist,’ 
1883, p. 33). It has never been recorded from Scotland or Ireland, nor 
has it been known to visit the Channel Islands. 
The Short-toed Lark is a summer visitor to the south of France; but in 
Spain and Portugal it is a resident. It is a summer visitor to Italy, 
Turkey, Greece, Asia Minor, and South Russia, occasionally occurring in 
