4.52 BRITISH BIRDS. 
PERDIX CINEREA. 
COMMON PARTRIDGE. 
(PuatE 21.) 
Perdix cinerea, Briss, Orn. i. p, 219 (1760); Lath. Gen, Syn. Suppl. i. p. 290 (1787) 
et auctorum plurimorum—Temminck, Naumann, Dresser, Saunders, &e. 
Perdix cinereo-alba, 
Perdix damascena, ‘ Briss. Orn. i. p. 223 (1760). 
Perdix montana, 
Tetrao perdix, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 276 (1766). 
Tetrao damascenus (Briss.), 
Tetrao montanus (Briss.), Gmel. Syst. Nat. i. p. 758 (1788). 
Perdix vulgaris, Leach, Syst. Cat. Mamm. Sc. Br it. Mus. p. 27 (1815). 
Perdix cineracea, Brehm, Vig. Deutschl. p. 525 (1831). 
Starna cinerea (Briss.), Bonap. Comp. List B. Eur. § N. Amer. p. 43 (1838). 
Starna perdix (Linn.), Bonap. Cat. Parzud. p. 15 (1856). 
The Partridge is a resident in all the cultivated districts of the British 
Islands where game is preserved. It is not found in the Outer Hebrides, 
but it has been successfully introduced into the Orkneys. In the eastern 
counties of England it has been partially exterminated by the Red-legged 
Partridge, but still occurs locally in these counties. 
The range of the Common Partridge begins where that of the Red-legged 
Partridge and its allies ceases. West of a line from Brussels to Venice 
the Common Partridge is rare or local, and apparently in the process of 
being exterminated by the stronger species. It is still found in some parts 
of North Spain and North France and in the plains of Italy; but it does 
not extend to Sicily nor to any of the Mediterranean islands. It is found 
throughout Germany, the Netherlands, Denmark, and in the plains of 
Austria and North Turkey in the valley of the Danube. In Scandinavia it 
almost reaches the Arctic circle, but is very local, being continually 
partially exterminated by severe winters. In West Russia it occurs as far 
north as lat. 60°, but in East Russia only to lat. 58°, and as far south 
as the Caucasus; east of these mountains it ranges into Central Asia and 
North Persia. In West Siberia it is found as far north as lat. 57°, where 
it appears to be migratory, wintering in North Turkestan. Its range in 
South-west Siberia is not very accurately determined ; but Middendorff met 
with it in the Barabinska Steppe. Finsch did not notice that the Partridge 
of that district differed from the European bird; but in the Altai Moun- 
tains Perdix cinerea var. robusta occurs, a larger and greyer form. In 
East Russian Turkestan and South-east Siberia, East Mongolia, North-east 
Thibet, and North China, P. barbata occurs—a smaller species, with the 
breast-mark black instead of dark chestnut, and with the feathers on the 
Na 
