596 BRITISH BIRDS. 
(EDICNEMUS CREPITANS. 
STONE-CURLEW. 
(Piate 21.) 
Pluvialis major, Briss. Orn. v. p. 76, pl. vii. fig. 1 (1760), 
Charadrius cedicnemus, Linn, Syst. Nat. i. p. 255 (1766). 
Charadrius scolopax, Gmel. Reise Russi. iil. p. 87, pl. 16 (1774) 
Charadrius illyricus, Piller, It. Poseg. Sclav. p. 26 (1783). 
Otis cedicnemus (Linn.), Lath. Gen. Syn, Suppl. i. p. 290 (1787). 
(Edicnemus crepitans, Temm. Man. d’Orn. p. 322 (1815); et auctorum pluri- 
morum—Naumann, Degland § Gerbe, Savi, Loche, Blanford, Jerdon, Gould, 
Tristram, Cavendish Taylor, Salvin, Salvadori, Lord Lilford, Irby, &c. 
Fedoa cedicnemus (Linn.), Leach, Syst. Cat. Mamm. Se. Brit. Mus. p. 28 (1816). 
Oedicnemus griseus, Koch, Syst. bater. Zool. i. p. 266 (1816). 
(Edicnemus europeeus, Vell. N. Dict. d Hist, Nat. xxiii. p. 230 (1818). 
Oidicnemus bellonii, Flem. Brit, Anim. p. 114 (1828). 
Oedicnemus desertorum, { Brehm, Vig. Deutschl. p. 589 (1831). 
Oedicnemus arenarius, 
Oedicnemus indicus, Salvad, Atti Soc. Ital. se. nat. viii. fase. 4, p. 875 (1865), 
(Edicnemus senegalensis, Swainson, birds of W. Africa, ii. p. 228 (1837). 
The distribution in England of the Stone-Curlew, or, as it is frequently 
called, the Thicknee, or Norfolk Plover, is very similar to the former 
distribution of the Great Bustard in our islands. Its headquarters are 
the warrens of the eastern counties, whence its breeding-range extends 
northwards to the wolds of Lincolnshire and Yorkshire, and southwards 
through the counties of Bedford, Hertford, Buckingham, Oxford, and Berks, 
to the downs of Wiltshire, Dorsetshire, Hampshire, Sussex, and Kent. To 
- the rest of England and Scotland it is a more or less accidental straggler 
on migration, though a few appear to winter in the counties of Somerset, 
Devon, and Cornwall. It has occurred once in winter near South Shields, 
at the mouth of the Tyne, and once at the same season near St. Andrews, 
in Fife. In Ireland it is said to have occurred about half a dozen times, 
principally in winter. 
On the continent the Stone-Curlew does not breed north of the Baltic. 
It is a resident throughout the basin of the Mediterranean; but to France, 
Holland, Belgium, Germany, and South Russia it is a summer migrant. 
It has only occurred twice in Denmark, and is not found in the Baltic 
provinces. Its northern range in South Russia has not been accurately 
determined; but it is common at Sarepta, and may range up to lat. 50°. 
It is a resident in the Canary Islands, and an occasional straggler to 
Madeira. It is a resident throughout North Africa, as far south as 
