GIPSY MOTH AND BROWN-TAIL MOTH AND THEIR CONTROL. 15 
is to be used at all the burlap should not be attached to the trees until 
after June 15, when most of the brown-tail caterpillars will have 
pupated. 
Tanglefoot bands.—A band of tanglefoot may be used on tree trunks 
after the bark has been scraped so that the sticky material can be 
applied evenly in a thin layer with a paddle. The purpose of this 
band is to prevent caterpillars from ascending the trees, and if the 
egg clusters have previously been treated this is a very effective 
measure. It is necessary every week or 10 days during the caterpillar 
season to run a comb or other similar implement around the band in 
order to prevent hardening of the surface and to bring up fresh, sticky 
material from the part of the band near the bark. (See fig. 8.) Plac- 
ing these bands on the trees prevents the caterpillars from reaching 
the foliage; and as the latter usually mass in large numbers beneath 
the bands, conditions are favorable for wilt disease to develop, and 
the caterpillars often die in large numbers from this cause and from 
starvation. 
Spraying.—The most effective spray for the gipsy moth is arsenate 
of lead paste applied to the foliage at the rate of 10 pounds to 100 
gallons of water. It is necessary that the treatment be thorough and 
the application even, if best results are to be secured. For small 
operations the ordinary orchard sprayer may be used with one or 
more lines of hose equipped with nozzles of the Vermorel or Bordeaux 
type. In case large shade trees on valuable park or woodland are to 
be treated, however, the use of a high-power sprayer is more econom1- 
cal. The type that has given the most satisfactory results in the 
gipsy-moth work develops sufficient power to throw a solid stream of 
spray into the trees. The nozzle is constructed so that the stream will 
break into a fine mist high im the air, and this results in very satis- 
factory and rapid treatment. (See fig. 9.) With such a sprayer it 
is unnecessary to climb trees and use small lines of hose, which is a 
slow and expensive operation. <A satisfactory high-power sprayer. 
for this work should be equipped with a 10-horsepower gasoline 
engine and a triplex pump capable of delivering 35 gallons of liquid 
per minute at a pressure of from 200 to 250 pounds. This machinery, 
together with a 400-gallon tank, should be mounted on well-built 
trucks. One-inch hose is used, and with the outfit mentioned the 
spray material can be conducted through several hundred feet of this 
hose without seriously reducing the nozzle pressure, which should be 
maintained at about 230 pounds. 
HAND METHODS TO BE USED AGAINST THE GIPSY MOTH IN 
ORCHARDS. 
The methods to be used for controlling the gipsy moth in orchards 
should be based largely on the severity of the infestation. If only a 
