GIPSY MOTH AND BROWN-TAIL MOTH AND THEIR CONTROL. 17 
will probably be necessary to creosote egg clusters in the winter and 
spray in the spring if the insect is to be controlled. In any case 
thoroughness is a prime essential if good results are to be secured. 
All poor or hollow trees should be removed, and if badly infested 
woodland is near by the orchard trees should be banded with tangle- 
foot. Orchard infestations can be managed by following up these 
methods, and it will not require much additional expense or a great 
deal of extra work to protect the trees. In making this statement it 
is assumed that the orchard is being cared for by up-to-date methods 
in order to protect it from the codling moth and other injurious 
insects and diseases, and it is improbable that these results can be 
brought about in neglected orchards or where the owners do not prac- 
tice the best horticultural methods in handling their growing trees. 
HAND METHODS FOR CONTROLLING THE GIPSY MOTH IN CITIES 
AND TOWNS. 
The same methods that are used in orchards are applicable in cities 
and towns and for the treatment of park and shade trees. In certain 
instances it would probably be advisable to use tanglefoot bands or 
burlap, preferably the former, and to discontinue spraying in cases 
where the infestation is light or moderate. If the infestation is bad, 
creosoting, tanglefooting, and spraying should all be used in their 
season, in order to bring the insect under control and reduce the num- 
bers present to a minimum. 
The proper method of handling the gipsy moth in any town, city, 
or park or on private estates, should be based on the infestation as 
determined by some one who is familiar with gipsy-moth work, if 
the best results are to be secured at a minimum expense. Much en- 
ergy and money may be wasted in applying remedies unless their 
application is based on a thorough knowledge of existing conditions. 
An owner of an infested estate should have an examination made by 
some qualified person who can give reliable recommendations as to 
treatment. It should be borne in mind that conditions as to infesta- 
tion vary from year to year, and this should be considered when 
plans for treatment are being made. 
METHODS OF CONTROLLING THE GIPSY MOTH IN WOODLAND. 
Satisfactory control of the gipsy moth in woodland by the em- 
ployment of hand methods such as have already been mentioned is 
entirely impracticable unless the tree growth is particularly valued 
for purposes other than lumber. I? the woodland is situated near a 
large city and occupies space that is likely to be utilized in a few 
years for building lots, considerable money may be expended to ad- 
vantage in protecting the trees, as these will make the property much 
