10 FARMERS’ BULLETIN 637. 
whole to a stiff dough. This amount of poison bait is sufficient 
to treat from 5 to 10 acres when properly applied. It should be 
borne in mind, however, that the fruit is the essential element of 
this bait, and if not employed 75 per cent of the efficiency of the 
bait is lost. 
This poison bait should be applied to the area to be treated early 
in the morning, before sunrise. To obtain the best results the bait 
must be sown broadeast in strips 1 rod apart over the area to be 
treated. Broadeasting obviates the possibility of horses, cattle, 
sheep, poultry, or birds being able to obtain a sufficient amount of 
poison in the field to kill or injure them. Under no circumstances 
should the bait be scattered over treated areas in piles or bunches, 
for fear that birds or live stock might, under such circumstances, 
eat an injurious or fatal amount of the poison. 
To illustrate the degree of safety with which the poison bait may 
be used when properly sown broadcast, the following may be of 
interest: In the summer of 1914, on the farm of Mr. C. I. Hood, of 
Chelsea, Vt., the pasture of several hundred acres was very badly 
infested with Melanoplus atlanis Riley. In this pasture there were 
continually grazing more than a hundred of very highly prized pure- 
bred Jersey heifers. From 10 to 15 acres of this pasture were treated 
with 25 pounds of the poison bran each morning for a week, and 
though the heifers continually grazed over the treated areas, not a 
single instance of poisoning occurred. 
COOPERATION. 
Cooperation between farmers or ranchmen is of the utmost impor- 
tance, whether the hopperdozer or poisoned baits be used. On 
some of the more extensive ranches the owners can protect them- 
selves by reason of the great extent of territory that is under the 
control of a single individual, but among smaller holdings coopera- 
tion is very essential. 
FORESTALLING OUTBREAKS. 
Forestalling of outbreaks would be spoken of by the ranchman as 
‘“watching out for trouble.’’ By this is meant the careful watching 
of the fields for the appearance of the grasshoppers. When these 
are found to be present, do not wait to see what they are going to do, 
but prevent their doing any thing by putting into practice, before 
any damage has been done and while the grasshoppers are very ~ 
young, whatever measures are to be used. It usually requires sev- 
eral days to poison the grasshoppers, and large areas can not be 
traversed with the hopperdozers in.a day. Therefore if measures ~ 
are to be successful they must not be delayed. 
WASHINGTON ! GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICH * 1915 
