20 FARMERS’ BULLETIN 650. 
DILUTION. 
It is very important to test with a hydrometer the strength of all 
lime-sulphur solutions prepared, to determine the proper amount of 
the concentrate that should be used for a given quantity of water. 
There are two kinds of these hydrometers, one with the Baumé scale 
and the other with the specific gravity scale, and hydrometers may be 
purchased which have both scales on the same instrument. The 
Baumé scale hydrometer is most commonly used. The clear solution 
at a temperature of about 60° F. should be used for the testing. _ If, 
however, the sludge has not been filtered out, the contents of the bar- 
rel or other container should be thoroughly stirred before the required 
amount for testing is taken out. 
Below is given a table (Table I) from which can be determined the 
amount of dilution for concentrates for each degree Baumé from 20 to 
36, and the corresponding specific-gravity reading. Figure 13 illus- 
trates the kind of hydrometers to be used in testing lime-sulphur 
concentrates. 
TasLe I.—Dilution table for concentrated lime-sulphur solutions. 
Number gallons concentrated Number gallons concentrated 
lime-sulphur to make 50 lime-sulphur to make 50 
gallons spray solution. gallons spray solution. 
Degrees | Specific 7 ; Degrees | Specific | seers a on 
Baumeé. | gravity. W ee _— Baumé. | gravity. | W ete eon aoe 
Summer | Summer 
or foliage | or foliage 
strength. | gan Jose| Blister strength. | san Jose | Blister 
seale. mite. | seale. mite. 
| 
36 1. 330 1k 5h 43 | 27 1. 229 2 8 63 
35 1. 318 L 53 5 | 26 1.218 2 83 7h 
34 1. 306 13 6 5 25 1. 208 2 83 1% 
33 1. 295 ie 61 5i 24 1. 198 21 gt 8 
32 1. 283 14 6s 53 23 1. 188 24 93 8} 
31 e272 13 63 53 22 1.179 21 104 33 
30 1. 261 13 7 6 21 1. 169 23 11 9} 
29 1. 250 13 74 6t 20 1. 160 21 114 93 
28 1. 239 13 7 64 
In spraying for the San Jose scale and the pear-leaf blister mite 
about 5 per cent more of the solution should be used than the table 
of dilutions indicates, if the sludge has not been filtered out. Imnsum- 
mer spraying, however, no allowance for sludge is necessary, as a large 
percentage of this is composed of finely divided sulphur, which is of 
value. 
Lime-SutpHuR WASHES FOR SUMMER SPRAYING OF THE SAN JOSE SCALE. 
The lime-sulphur washes discussed on the preceding pages are intended 
for use on trees in a dormant condition. It sometimes happens 
that owing to unfavorable weather conditions during the time of the 
dormant spraying, or for other reasons, the insect has not been prop- 
erly destroyed, and it becomes desirable to spray the trees during the 
