THE BAGWORM. v6 
and the winged moth issues through the cracking skin, leaving the 
chrysalis hanging from the bag, as shown at ¢, figure 6. The chrys- 
alis of the female does not push its way 
at all out of the bag, but the skin cracks 
and the female gradually works her way 
partly out of the chrysalis skin, her head 
reaching the lower end of the bag (fig. 
6,d). The males fly about seeking the 
bags of the females, and when one is 
found in which the head of the female 
is near the end, showing that she has 
emerged from her chrysalis skin, the 
male mates with her. The female then 
works her way back into the chrysalis 
: : : : : Fic. 7.—Itoplectis inquisitor: Fe- 
skin, gradually filling it with eggs until = male from side. Enlarged. 
more than half of it is filled, scattering  ‘?™°™ Mower) 
in among the eggs some of the sparse hairs from her body. Having 
done this, she forces her shriveled body out of the opening, falls to the 
ground, and dies. The eggs remain in this way until the following 
spring when they hatch 
as previously described. 
There is thus only one gen- 
eration annually. 
NATURAL ENEMIES. 
Although apparently well 
protected from the attacks 
of birds by its tough case, 
the bagworm is somewhat 
extensively parasitized by 
several forms of ichneu- 
mon? and chaleis flies, 
most of them species which 
affect also similar tree-feed- 
ing caterpillars. ‘ 
REMEDIES. 
Fic. 8.—Allocota thyridopterigis. Much enlarged. 
(Authors’ illustration.) 
When the bagworm oc- 
curs upon deciduous trees it 
can be controlled by hand picking the bags in the winter, but when 
it affects evergreen trees it is practically impossible to apply this 
1(Pimpla) Itoplectis inquisitor Say (fig. 7), (Pimpla) Itoplectis conquisitor Say, and 
(Hemiteles) Allocota thyridopterigis Riley (fig. 8). 
2 Spilochalcis mariac Riley (fig. 9), Chalcis ovata Say (fig. 10), Dibrachys boucheanus 
Ratz. (fig. 11), and Habrocytus thyridopterigis Ashm. (fig. 12). Certain of these species 
are undoubtedly hyperparasitic ; that is, parasites of the bagworm parasites. 
