4 FARMERS’ BULLETIN 1741. 
prohibit the entrance of alfalfa seed; California and Idaho require it 
to be fumigated by an official after arrival; and Montana requires it 
to be so fumigated before shipment. Hay and straw of all kinds are 
barred by all five States. Bees in hives are refused admittance by 
California and Idaho; and Oregon requires that they shall not be 
packed in rushes, weeds, or forage. Household goods must be 
inspected before shipment into Arizona. Live stock can be sbtpped 
into Arizona only with the consent of the State entomologist and 
must be transferred to clean cars before crossing the line. Califor- 
nia and Idaho prescribe that hay and straw must not be used in cattle 
cars, and Oregon forbids also grass and forage crops. Grain is 
barred from Arizona. Colorado, Wyoming, New Mexico, and Nevada 
have no restrictions on account of the alfalfa weevil. 
In spite of the contradictory popular ideas of the means by which 
the alfalfa weevil travels, many facts which bear upon the question 
are definitely known. Live weevils do not occur in alfalfa seed, 
either before or after it is recleaned. They are seldom found in 
nursery packing of any kind, fruits and vegetables, or hay and straw 
used for packing, bedding, or feed, except under the following con- 
ditions: They are often found in green alfalfa fresh from the fields 
and in second-crop hay and potatoes which have been handled in 
contact with it; and they are found also in cured alfalfa hay, espe- 
cially hay of the second cutting, in the stack, where some of them 
remain alive until the end of the following winter. They are found 
for several hours afterward in clothing which has been worn through 
infested fields in summer time, and sometimes remain even after 
the clothing has been packed in a trunk and shipped as baggage. 
The occurrence of weevils in green alfalfa hay and new hay of the 
second crop is particularly important, because potatoes which are 
to be shipped are often hauled to the car upon a bedding of it to 
prevent bruising and are sometimes covered with it to protect them 
from the sun. This hay usually contains weevils, which crawl from 
the alfalfa to the sacks and are loaded into the tight refrigerator 
car, in which they often remain until it reaches its destination. 
Although no colonies have yet been started by this means, there is 
constant danger of it, which can be minimized by simply keeping 
the hay away from ae potatoes. 
Another important consideration as to the occurrence of weevils 
in new hay is that many people driving through the country in 
summer carry it for short distances as feed for their horses. The 
weevils may leave the hay as a result of the jar of travel, according to 
their habit; and that they do so is the more probable because no 
colonies have been found at any distance from the main territory, 
as would have happened if they were carried long distances by 
wagon. There is, however, a constant stream of traffic over certain 
main roads, composed of sheepmen, peddlers, and others bent on 
a a 
