GRASSHOPPER CONTROL. 15 
water, upon which a film of low-grade kerosene, or coal oil, is main- 
tained. When the implement has a cloth back and wings, these are 
kept moistened with kerosene oil. As the hopperdozer is drawn over 
the ground the grasshoppers jump or fly against its back and most 
of them are precipitated into the oil-covered water in the pan. A 
slight touch of oil is fatal to the insects. Thus, those that merely 
touch the oil-soaked back of the hopperdozer are usually killed, 
although they may not die immediately. The cheapest procurable 
grade of kerosene oil is perfectly satisfactory for use in a hopper- 
dozer. An implement of this kind has been constructed recently 
with a back curving slightly forward. (Fig. 19.) The back and 
sides of this implement are covered with tin, nailed to furring strips 
carried by the uprights of the frame. It has been used successfully 
in western States, and it is claimed that the shght curve of the back 
and the slippery surface of the tin aid in precipitating the grass- 
Co ee aot 
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Fie. 19.—Showing construction of hopperdozer with tin back. (Original.) 
hoppers into the pan... As many as 300 bushels of grasshoppers have 
been collected by the use of hopperdozers on 100 acres of alfalfa. 
But even where these implements may be used successfully, a great 
many grasshoppers escape being killed by them, and the fact that 
hopperdozers can not be used on uneven, stony, or recently cleared, 
stumpy ground, nor in meadows or fields of grain where the crops 
have reached a considerable height, makes it imperative that some 
more effective method of control be applied, and the poisoned baits 
have been found to supply this need satisfactorily. 
POISONED BAITS AS A MEANS OF GRASSHOPPER CONTROL. 
The mixture known as the poisoned-bran bait has been proven 
to be a simple, reliable, and cheap method of destroying grasshoppers, 
and has been applied with signal success throughout many portions 
of the United States. As prepared for ordinary use this bait is 
composed as follows: Wheat bran, 25 pounds; Paris green, 1 
