18 FARMERS’ BULLETIN 759. 
insects infesting stored material soon leave, die out, or can be killed 
by spreading out infested books, documents, and other stored mate- 
rial or products to dry in the sun or in an oven, or outdoors during 
cold weather. Temperatures over 160° F. will kill the insects. 
PROTECTION OF LIVING TREES. . 
Owing to the subterranean habits of white ants, it is extremely 
difficult to prevent or remedy injury to living forest, fruit, or shade 
trees. Care should be taken that the trees do not become scarred 
near the base, in order to prevent heartrot and subsequent infestation. 
Clean forest, orchard, and horticultural management is to be recom- 
mended. Properly executed tree surgery ' sometimes may be effec- 
tive in repairing damage to valuable old trees. Dead and dying 
infested trees should be removed and burned. Prunings should be 
burned promptly. 
PROTECTION OF NURSERY STOCK, VINEYARDS, AND FIELD CROPS. 
Injury to nursery stock will be most serious on recently cleared land 
where there is abundant decaying wood. Such débris, in which the 
insects breed, should be removed. In general, the use of recently 
cleared land should be avoided in planting nursery stock. Care 
should be taken not to allow the roots to dry out before planting; 
such weakened stock is liable to attack. In the case of the pecan, it 
is recommended that two or three cereal crops be grown on newly 
cleared land before the young trees are set out. The use of commer- 
cial fertilizers instead of stable manure is suggested. Deep late-fall 
plowing should be of value in breaking up subterranean nests. The 
practice of better farming methods, with rotation of crops, will 
prevent damage to field crops. 
In vineyards, care should be taken in pruning operations; all 
dead or diseased vines should be removed. All pruned areas should 
be painted with coal tar, and the prunings should be burned 
promptly. 
PROTECTION OF FLOWERS AND GREENHOUSE STOCK. 
In flower or truck gardens, especially those located near the 
woodwork of buildings, less stable manure should be used in order to 
protect, not only the building, but also the growing plants. 
The very volatile liquid carbon bisulphid can be used to kill white 
ants in the soil if moist and not compact, if small holes be made near 
the infested plants and a small quantity of carbon bisulphid poured 
in and the hole immediately closed tightly with earth. Care should 
1 Collins, J. F. Practical tree surgery. Jn U,S. Dept. Agr. Yearbook for 1913, p. 163-190, pl. 16-22, 
1914, 
