6 FARMERS’ BULLETIN ‘163. 
surface cf the sapwood converted to dust in a very short time by the 
primary wounds of the beetles and the more extensive burrows of 
the numerous larvee. (See fig. 6.) 
NATURAL ENEMIES. 
Several kinds of four-winged insect parasites attack and destroy 
the barkbeetle larvae, probably the most abundant and effective being 
a small species known technically as Chiropachys colon LL. Minute 
nematode worms of an undetermined 
species have been found inhabiting 
the bodies of the larvae, but to what 
extent, if any, they reduce the num- 
ber of insects, has not been deter- 
mined. Among the birds, wood- 
peckers remove many of the insects 
from infested trees, especially during 
the winter months. 
THE PEACH-TREE BARKBEETLE.’ 
HISTORY AND GEOGRAPHIC RANGE. 
The peach-tree barkbeetle (fig. 7) 
is a native of America and has been 
recognized as an enemy of peach 
trees since about 
the year 1850. 
It first came into 
prominence as a 
supposed cause 
of the disease 
of peach trees 
known as “ vel- 
Hie. 5. 
: ae a 
Gum exuding from wounds on low Ss, a&@ SUPPOSI- 
peach limb caused by the fruit-tree tion which was 
barkbeetle. Reduced. (Original.) 
not borne out by 
subsequent investigations. The insect is very 
similar in form and habits to the fruit-tree 
barkbeetle, although it does not attack so great 
1 variety of trees. Peach, cherry, and wild 
cherry are its principal food plants, although it Fic. 6—Twig of apple 
is known to work on plum when other food “ty a 
ae i : = l Soe c o the fruit-tree bark- 
is available. beetle. Natural size. 
ts Chittenden. 
At the present time the species isknown to occur — (CMttenden) 
in the States of New Hampshire, New York, Pennsylvania, Mary- 
land, Virginia, West Virginia, North Carolina, Ohio, and Michigan, 
1 Phloeotribus liminaris Harris: order Coleoptera, family Ipidae. 
