ORCHARD BARKBEETLES AND PINHOLE BORERS. ff 
and in the Province of Ontario, Canada. It is probable that it may 
be found in States other than those mentioned. 
As a rule, this beetle, like the one described previously, prefers 
to attack diseased and dying wood, and the known cases of serious 
injury by it to healthy orchards are not numerous. There are 
records, however, of its doing great damage to peach orchards in 
Ohio, New York, and Ontario, and the history of the species indi- 
cates that where breeding conditions are favorable it may multiply 
and become at any time a 
menace to peach, and pos: 
sibly cherry orchards. 
LIFE HISTORY AND HABITS. 
Unhke the fruit - tree 
barkbeetle, this insect 
winters in the tree as an 
adult. This adult, or 
beetle (fig. 7, a, 0), is a 
little less than one-tenth 
of an inch in length and 
in color light brown to 
nearly black. Some of 
the beetles, which trans- 
form to the adult stage 
late in the fall, winter 
within thetr pupal cells 
in dead or dying trees; 
others, which transform 
earlher in the fall, leave 
the host tree and _ bore 
into healthy or unhealthy 
trees, forming hibernation "=: pesehine asker 
cells just beneath the views ; ¢, egg; d, larva; e, pupa. Greatly enlarged. 
Ptem=layerot obark. 20h 7: Wism) 
These hibernation cells are made at the inner terminus of bur- 
rows averaging about half an inch in length. Often great numbers 
of such burrows are made in growing trees, and during the fol- 
lowing season there will be a copious exudation of gum from the 
numerous wounds similar to that caused by the fruit-tree barkbeetle 
(see fig. 5). The beetles, after leaving their hibernation quarters in 
the spring, make short burrows in healthy trees, either to obtain food 
or in an attempt to form brood chambers. The constant flow of sap 
from such wounds eventually weakens the trees to such an extent 
that brood chambers can be constructed without interference from 
