THE COMMON CABBAGE WORM. 5 
about the 1st of September, and there were from 10 to 50 on a head. 
The Abbé Provancher estimated 
the same year a loss of $240,000 
in the vicinity of Quebec alone. 
One farmer near Montreal lost 
in a single season over 12,000 
heads of cabbage. The follow- 
ing year in some places about 
New York City, where the in- 
sect had appeared only the year 
before, the entire crop of cab- 
bage and cauliflower was de- 
stroyed. The loss in this case 
was estimated at half a million 
dollars. 
Owing to the fact that dur- 
ing recent years arsenicals have 
been very generally used to con- 
trol the cabbage worm, there 
are now few instances in any 
part of this country of the total 
destruction of crops of cabbages 
as was formerly often the case. 
Nevertheless a conservative esti-. 
mate would place the present 
annual loss from this pest to 
cabbages alone (not including 
cauliflower and other related 
crops) at $1,300,000, or one- 
tenth of the entire crop. 
ORIGIN, SPREAD, AND PRESENT 
DISTRIBUTION. 
The imported cabbage butter- 
fly was introduced from Europe, 
and was first recognized from 
a capture at Quebec, Canada, 
in 1860. It was not seen again 
until two years later, in the 
same locality. After a lapse of 
several years it was reported at 
intervals from other portions 
of Canada. In 1865 its first 
Fig. 5. 
by seven common cabbage worms. Slightly 
enlarged. (Original.) 
Cabbage leaf completely defoliated 
appearance in the United States was noted in Maine; the following 
