by FARMERS’ BULLETIN 166. 
employed in the preparation of this mixture. It is best to mix the 
bran with the poison and sugar before adding the water. The 
proportions are 2 or 3 ounces of sugar or other sweetening, a tea- 
spoonful of Paris green, and about 1 pound of bran, to a gallon of 
ater; so as to make, when stirred, a mixture that will easily run 
through the fingers. In its application it is merely sprinkled, either 
wet or dry, over the affected plants. 
THE HOT-WATER REMEDY. 
As long ago as 1883, water at a temperature of about 130° F. was 
advised as a remedy for this cabbage “ worm.” It does practically 
no harm to the plants and kills all insects with which it comes in - 
contact. It is scarcely applicable to large fields, however, on account 
of the difficulty of maintaining the proper temperature. 
CONTACT POISONS. 
Kerosene emulsion is not as effective as the arsenicals, because 
in its application it is necessary for the spray to come into direct 
contact with the larvee or “worms” in order to kill them. 
When strong soap solutions are used on ornamental plants infested 
by aphides or plant-lice and this.species is also at work, such insects 
as are actually touched will be killed. Where the plants affected are 
attacked by thrips and other minute insects, and such contact poisons 
as nicotine sulphate are employed, these will also kill cabbage worms, 
but none of the poisons of this nature are standards for the chewing 
insects like the cabbage worms, and are not recommended except 
in the case of the occurrence of sucking insects on the same plants. 
A combination spray of an arsenical mixed with nicotine sulphate, 
kerosene emulsion, or soap 1s sometimes used with good effect to kill 
both aphides, or thrips, and cabbage worms. 
PYRETHRUM. 
Pyrethrum insect powder is not so useful as an arsenical. Of its 
effectiveness, Dr. James Fletcher, late entomologist of the Dominion 
of Canada, wrote that “ diluted with four times its weight of common 
flour and then kept tightly closed for 24 hours (before use), it leaves 
nothing to be desired, and thousands of dollars are saved yearly to 
small growers, who most need assistance.” Pyrethrum is rather 
costly, varies as to purity, and is said to discolor the leaves, but it 
has the advantage of being nonpoisonous to human beings and 
domestic animals. If used too sparingly a portion of the cater- 
pillars are merely numbed and eventually recover. Younger cater- 
pillars are more susceptible. It can not be recommended for use on 
large areas. 
