36 Farmers’ Bulletin 1150. 
will not not kill the eggs. Repeat this treatment in two or three 
months, after the eggs hatch. The solution is not injurious to the 
higher plants and animals or for bathing, drinking or irrigation, 
but it may injure fish. 
THE LARGE LIVER FLUKE.” 
Location.—The large liver fluke occurs in the liver, commonly 
lying in cysts which contain one to several flukes and a quantity of 
dark-colored fluid filled with débris. While these cysts may orig- 
inate in a biliary canal, they extend into the tissue, and the fiuke is 
habitually found as a parasite in the liver substance in cysts and not 
as a parasite of the canals and ducts. Wandering 
flukes may be found in the lungs er elsewhere. 
Appearance.—This is a large, thick species, 
which may attain a length of 10 cm. (4 inches) 
(fig. 23). The anterior, or front, sucker is not 
carried on a distinct cone, as in the case of the 
common liver fluke, but in its general appearance 
otherwise it resembles an overgrown specimen of 
the common liver fluke. 
Life history.—The life history of the large 
liver fluke has not yet been ascertained, but there 
is every reason to suppose that it is much the same 
as that of the common liver fluke, with snails of 
some sort, perhaps the same as those which carry 
the common liver fluke, as intermediary hosts. 
Distribution—North America appears to be the 
home of this fluke, although it has been trans- 
planted elsewhere. In the United States it is 
Fic. 25.—Large liver 
fluke (Fascioloides : 
magna). Natural most prevalent near the Gulf of Mexico, espe- 
size. (From Stiles, 
idoRD cially in Arkansas and along the coasts and river 
valleys of Texas. It also occurs along the west 
coast in both the United States and Canada and seems to have ob- 
tained a foothold at some inland points, as in part of Colorado. 
Cases are also reported from Wisconsin and New York. 
Symptoms and lesions.—This parasite is much more common in 
cattle than in sheep. It seems to do rather little damage in cattle 
apart from rendering the livers unfit for use as food. In sheep, 
however, it may do considerable damage. Infected sheep lose condi- 
tion, but’ the appetite persists up to the time of death. Edema is 
present in the form of watery swellings of the dependent portions 
of the body. Abortions have been reported as prevalent in a flock 
ot infested sheep, though it is unsafe to associate this with the fluke 
without further evidence. 
16 Fascioloides magna. Synonym, Fasciola magna 
