Parasites and Parasitic Diseases of Sheep. 49 
and an embryo develops in each egg under suitable conditions of tem- 
perature and moisture. When these eggs are swallowed by sheep, 
the embryos develop to adult worms. 
Distribution—These worms are very common in sheep in the 
United States and many other countries. 
Symptoms and lesions. — It 
has been found that whipwornis 
in man set up a low-grade 
inflammation, with distinct 
symptoms of discomfort and 
distress. In animals, inflamed 
areas are quite commonly found 
where whipworms attach. The 
head end of the worm is usually 
found sewed into the mucosa, 
_and, as the mouth is unarmed, 
it appears that the penetration 
of the mucosa is perhaps due to 
the digestive action of a sub- 
stance’ secreted by the worm. 
There is likelihood of the lining 
of the intestine being infected by 
bacteria through the entrance 
of the worm, or of the burrow 
becoming infected subsequently. 
Though there are no well-defined 
clinical symptoms for whipworm 
infestation in sheep, it can not 
be doubted that the worms exert 
an injurious effect, more 'pro- 
nounced when the worms are 
numerous. On post-mortem ex- 
amination the thick posterior 
ends of the worms will be found 
in the lumen of the intestine, 
the anterior ends being in the 
mucosa. 
Treatment.—There is no satis- 
ovis). 
Magni- 
Iie. 
31.—Whipworms 
Female at left; male at right. 
(Trichuris 
fied. (From Curtice, 1890.) 
factory treatment yet known to us for whipworm in sheep. 
Prevention.—Prevention of whipworm in sheep is a matter of sani- 
tation and pasture rotation.. The same measures that are useful in 
controlling stomach worm will be found of value in controlling 
whipworm, 
