ANGOUMOIS GRAIN MOTH.’ 
CONTENTS. 
Page. Page 
Establishment and spread in America_ 3 | Early field infestations and delayed 
WEST LOM) settee ee eee Bere 8s 4 harvesting increase opportunity for 
WUT PE Se he oe ee 5 CL eR TUNG ges ots memes te ee re ee 14 
Time required for development_______ G6 | Prompt thrashing means saving_--_~ 15 
All cereal grains affected____________ 7 | Take advantage of the insect’s weak- 
BETS SOR mren lg re Ett a nie he ge St 8 TOSS ee ee Seed AP Sie eS 15 
Maturing grain and stored grain sub- Delayed thrashing ruins many crops__— 16 
TRA CURE) Aral foes a SCR 2 ra SE eS 9 | Remedial measures____----___----__- 16 
tmatestatiomes of: cornea ane = as be 11 AAS ileseece ce ee ee kd ae ee ae 19 
Field infestation of wheat___________ 13 | Community effort in insect sanitation. 20 
ESTABLISHMENT AND SPREAD IN AMERICA, 
The Angoumois grain moth is a European pest that has become 
destructive to corn, wheat, and other grains in this country as a 
result of international commerce. It is called the Angoumois grain 
moth because long before the early days of the American Republic 
it had been a pest in the Angoumois Province of France. It is 
known also in.America by the popular name of “fly weevil.” 
In the early days of American history there was no Federal Horti- 
cultural Board to protect our agriculture from foreign pests. The 
Angoumois grain moth is one of those pests that are easily carried 
in grain from place to place. It was brought many times to this 
country in seed introduced from Europe by the earlier settlers of 
the various colonies along the Atlantic seaboard. Since it is a pest 
that is easily killed out by very cold winters, it is natural that its 
establishment in this country occurred in one of the Southern States. 
The first report of the occurrence of the Angoumois grain moth in 
this country was in 1728, in North Carolina, where it was causing 
damage to wheat. It was first reported in Maryland about 1769. 
Between 1728 and 1775 it had spread northward into Virginia, 
Maryland, lower Delaware, and probably southern New Jersey. 
In 1852 Harris wrote that wheat in Kentucky and in the southern 
parts of Ohio and Indiana was already affected. Though exact rec- 
ords of spread are not available, it is enough to know that 
from the original North Carolina-Virginia infestation the Angou- 
mois grain moth has spread, chiefly through the shipment of seeds, 
1 Sitotroga cerealella Oliv. 
