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14 Farmers’ Bulletin 1169. 
CARBON DISULPHID. 
Carbon disulphid is a heavy, ill-smelling liquid, procurable in 
drug, seed, and other stores. It evaporates readily at the normal 
temperature, and as its vapor is heavier than air, it sinks. /¢ is 
highly inflammable and has a poisoning effect when inhaled freely, so 
that caution in handling it is. necessary. 
In shade-tree work it is used for killing borers, being injected by 
means of an oil or other squirt can or dropper into the borer open- 
ing, the hole being promptly plugged with putty, grafting wax, or 
similar substance. In similar manner it may be used against car- 
penter ants. 
FISH-OIL OR LAUNDRY SOAP. 
- 
Fish-oil soap, sometimes known as “ whale-oil” soap, is procurable 
commercially and is an effective insecticide for such insects as aphids, 
scale bugs, and other sap-sucking kinds. Common laundry soap may 
also be used for this purpose. For summer spraying, dissolve 1 
pound of the soap in 3 to 4 gallons of water. For winter spraying on 
scale insects, dissolve 2 pounds of the soap in each gallon of water 
over the fire and apply the spray before the solution is cold and con- 
geals, which it is apt to do in this concentration. 
Soap has other uses in the treatment of trees. Thus, with nicotine 
solutions it is used as a “spreader” or adhesive (see p. 13). In con- 
nection with injections of carbon disulphid it may be used to plug 
the treated holes to prevent loss of the fumes. 
TREATMENT OF TREE WOUNDS.' 
Tree wounds due to removal of large limbs, or to injury from any 
cause, as by rabbits, field mice, horses, vehicles, etc., around the base 
of trees, should be promptly disinfected and treated with a water- 
proof covering. An exposed surface is subject to attack by fungi 
and invasion by wood-boring insects unless properly cared for. When 
a limb is cut off, the edge of the bark and the cambium should be 
coated with shellac as soon as the surface is sufficiently dry to permit 
it to stick, otherwise the value of the shellac is practically lost. The 
wound is then ready to be treated with a disinfectant, such as com- 
mon creosote, which will penetrate and sterilize the wood. ‘This may 
be applied with a small brush. After creosoting, the wood should be 
protected from moisture by means of a heavy coat of coal tar. In- 
stead of using the materials separately, they may be combined in a 
mixture containing about one-third creosote and two-thirds coal tar. 
One coat of the mixed materials may be sufficient, but if not, a heavy 
application of the coal tar should be used, and the surface recoated 
1 Adapted from Farmers’ Bulletin 908. 
