DECIDUOUS SHADE-TREE INSECTS ARRANGED ACCORD- 
ING TO THE MANNER OF ATTACK AND KIND AND 
PART OF TREE SUBJECT TO IT. 
ALDER. 
See Maple, p. 98. 
ASH. 
Mite. 
TO STORIE C MOU Seas es SS 8 SS ee ee ey Ash-bud gall-mite, p. 94. 
Borer. 
Wood of trunk especially near base, honeycombed, burrows packed with 
PUG eeu se ne eee sa Pee Parandra borer,” p. 61. 
BOXELDER. 
Sap suckers. 
(1) Masses of a reddish bug on tree trunk and branches and a nuisance 
SHouUma wellings win tale se so. eee Boxelder plant-bug, p. 75. 
(2) Leaf sap-sucking, licelike insects____________ Bowxelder aphis, p. 85. 
BEECH. 
Sap suckers. 
(1) Masses of bluish-white, woolly aphids on underside of limbs_________ 
Beech-tree blight aphis, p. 87. 
(2) Masses of bluish-white, woolly aphids on underside of leaves____ - 
Woolly beech aphis, p. 87. 
BIRCH. 
Borer. 
Reddish or rusty brown spots on white bark of trunk and larger branches, 
which, on being cut through, usually disclose peculiar winding bur- 
rows in bark and wood; ridges in the bark on the branches which often 
develop over the burrows; dying tops of the trees____________________ 
Bronze birch borer, p. 59. 
BUTTERNUT. 
See Walnut, p. 100. 
CATALPA. 
Leaf chewer. 
Leaves eaten by yellow and black striped caterpillars having a short horn 
near hind end of body; caterpillar droppings beneath trees___________ 
Catalpa sphing, p. 33. 
CHESTNUT. 
See Oak, p. 98-99. 
COTTONWOOD. 
See poplar, p. 99. 
ELM 
Leaf chewers. 
(1) Leaves show holes in early spring; later, abrasions on underside 
PEUSOYOE 4 aX 0) KES ie Lege Fe ee eS Elm leaf-beetle, p. 38. 
(2) Holes in leaves with spindle-shaped bags near by__--Bagworm, p. 31. 
(8) Leaves partly or entirely eaten by spiny, black, red-marked cater- 
DLAs Owe CHES. LONG. we eS Spiny elm caterpillar, p. As. 
(4) Twigs or branches covered with web containing hairy caterpillars. 
Fall webacorm, p. 40. 
(5) Leaves being eaten by caterpillars with blue head and silvery, 
diamond-shaped spots along the back____Morest tent caterpillar, p. 35. 
™ This borer is to be found in a great variety of species of both deciduous and conif- 
erous trees. 
95 
