98 Farmers’ Bulletin 1169. 
MAPLE. 
Leaf chewers. 
(1) Holes in leaves with spindle-shaped bags near by_--Bagworm, p. 31 
(2) Leaves being eaten by caterpillars with blue head and silvery, dia- 
mond-shaped spots along the back —_______ Forest tent caterpillar, p. 35. 
(3) White frothlike egg masses on tree trunk; leaves more or less eaten 
by yellow caterpillars with black and red hair pencils on back___--_-~_-~ 
White-marked tussock moth, p. 41. 
(4) Leaves eaten by smooth, pale yellowish-green caterpillar, length- 
wise striped with dark green and with a pair of black “horns” and 
black pegs along sides and rear end__Green-striped maple worm, p. 44. 
Borers. 
(1) Foliage on limb wilting and dying and sap with some frass oozing 
from some point on tree; limbs dead, ridges and dead spots on bark; 
naked scars on trunk near base of limbs; three-eighths to five-eighths 
inch oval holes at base of tree_.-__—-______- Sugar-maple borer, p. 53. 
(2) Twigs wilt and break off; bark split open, showing ugly scars; chips 
and matted excrement at entrance to burrow on twig or trunk___-~---_ 
Leopard moth, p. 68, 
(3) Smaller twigs wilting, strings of frass dangling from holes in bark, 
worm in burrows vivid reddish-white, greenish beneath. _______-_____ 
Carpenter worm, p. 69. 
(4) Ground beneath tree strewn with hollowed-out, cut-off twigs; white 
srub with brown jaws in hollow when fresh] === ee 
Maple and oak twig- pruner, p. 70.. 
Sap suckers, scale insects. 
(1) Young bark more or less covered with brown or gray, elongate, more 
or less curved, shell-like bodies, readily raised with knife point or finger 
Mees 2 ee oe el ee ee ere Oyster-shell scale, p. TT. 
(2) On twigs and leaves in summer, white, fluffy cottonlike masses with 
darker blotch toward one end_____----____ Cottony maple scale, p. 82. 
(8) Tree ailing, bark of trunk and branches more or less incrusted and 
roughened by stationary, black, circular scales; also white circles____ 
Gloomy scale, p. 78. 
(4) Tree ailing, twigs blackened and more or less thickly incrusted with 
raised, reddish scales, ridged along edges_______ Terrapin scale, p. 81. 
Sap suckers, aphids. 
(1) Abundance of bluish-white wriggling cottony fluff on underside of 
mapledeaves inespring and sSumimer. == see eee 
Woolly maple and alder aphis, p. 86. 
(2) Leaves discolored and sticky with honeydew and ground beneath 
trees covered with the same; yellowish green, brown marked, mostly 
wingless aphids of various sizes with reddish eyes and long hairy 
antennz on underside of leaves______-_-~- Norway naple aphis, p. 84. 
(3) Leaves more or less densely covered with one or more of the fol- 
lowing growths: “Pouch” or “nail” galls (mite made); “eye” 
Spots Ghyamnade) es eee eee Gall insects and mites, p. 88. 
Leaf chewers. 
(1) Holes in leaves with spindle-shaped bags near by_--Bagworm, p. 31. 
(2) Leaves being eaten by caterpillars with blue head and _ silvery 
diamond-shaped spots along the back_-_Forest tent caterpillar, p. 35. 
(3) White frothlike egg masses on tree trunk; leaves more or less eaten 
by yellow caterpillars with black and red hair pencils on baek_____-_~ 
‘White-marked tussock moth, p. 41. 
(4) Leaves eaten by looping caterpillars or measuring worms___------~-~- 
Fall cankerworm, p. 36. 
s. rT | 
