90 Farmers’ Bulletin 1198. 
bees during the first three weeks. The workers of the swarm that 
are not needed for the work inside the new hive are old enough for 
work in the fields, and when most of the bees of a colony can go to 
the fields for nectar during the heat of the day a surprisingly large 
number may be massed together in one hive without causing a stag- 
nation of their activities. When the first young bees begin to emerge 
three weeks later the daily emergence of young is small in com- 
parison with that of a colony during the spring brood-rearing 
period; therefore the swarms usually do not become greatly con- 
gested with young bees again during the same season. Swarms that 
are hived in an empty hive on a new location seldom swarm again 
the same season, especially where the season is short, but if they are 
hived on empty combs or combs containing honey or a little emerg- 
ing brood they may do so. Even when most of the workers of both 
the parent colony and the swarm are reunited, or when two or more 
swarms are hived together in one hive, the bees are usually satisfied 
without further swarming if plenty of room is given in the supers. 
The parent colony loses most of its field workers and the queen 
when a swarm issues, but it has a large amount of brood and several 
queencells usually sealed or nearly ready to be sealed at the time of 
the issuing of the swarm. When the young queens begin to emerge 
about a week later, if the beekeeper does not interfere, the colony may 
cast one or more afterswarms, each accompanied by one or more of the 
recently emerged virgin queens. When there are no longer sufficient 
bees left to divide up among the emerging queens, all but one of the 
young queens are killed, this surviving one in the normal course of 
events later becoming established as the new mother of the parent 
colony. The rapid emergence of young bees soon restores the parent 
colony to good strength, but when swarming takes place during the 
honey-flow the parent colony may not recover sufficient strength in 
field workers to take an important part in gathering the season’s 
crop of honey. After the young queen becomes established a parent 
colony seldom swarms again the same season, even though it may 
become quite populous and the season may be prosperous. 
Thus neither the swarm having the old queen and the older bees in 
establishing itself in a new home, nor the parent colony having the 
young queen in reestablishing itself in the old home, is inclined to 
swarm again the same season. In each case there is an interruption 
in the emergence of young bees. These are important facts in the 
control of swarming. 
INFLUENCE OF YOUNG QUEENS. 
The fact that parent colonies seldom swarm again the same season 
has led to the belief that colonies having young queens do not swarm 
the first summer of the queen’s life, but while such colonies are less 
