Insect and Fungous Enemies of the Grape. 19 
The insect winters in the pupa stage in the folded and fallen 
leaves, the moths appearing shortly after foliage puts out in the 
spring. Eggs are laid on the leaves and the larvee soon begin to fold 
the leaves as described. In California, this insect on vinifera grapes 
is said to roll the leaves 
rather than fold them. In 
about a month after hatch- 
ing the caterpillars are 
full grown and are grass 
green in color and about 
three-fourths of an inch 
in length (fig. 17). The 
pupa (fig. 18) is brown 
in color, about one-half 
Fig. 17.—Grape leaf-folder larva as exposed 
by opening folded leaf, Enlarged. 
inch long. This stage lasts for about 
a week or 10 days, and then the moth 
appears. In the adult stage the insect 
is rather striking in appearance (fig. 
eat Amaia Bag 19), the wings expanding about an 
inch. The wings are dark brown or 
nearly black in color, with a narrow white band and with conspicuous 
white spots, varying according to the sex. There are two broods of 
larvee each season and perhaps a third in the South. In the Middle 
and Northern States it is the second brood which is principally in- 
jurious. 
CONTROL. 
In vineyards regularly sprayed with arsenicals for other grape 
pests the grape leaf-folder will rarely, if ever, cause important in- 
jury. In vineyards and on vines much subject to attack, pains should 
be taken to spray the plants with arsenate of lead when the first signs 
