Insect and Fungous Enemies of the Grape. 23 
venting injury to apply, cherry, and peach. Application should be 
made upon the first appearance of the beetles in numbers. 
The old-fashioned remedy of hand picking is of service in pro- 
tecting grapes growing around the home. The beetles may also be 
jarred from the plants onto sheets saturated with kerosene. These 
methods are tedious and must be practiced daily in the early morn- 
ing or toward sundown to be effective. Choice plants may be se- 
curely protected by covering with netting or other suitable material. 
In addition to the use of any of the methods described above, con- 
siderable can be done by destroying the insects in their breeding 
grounds. In the pupa stage they are so extremely sensitive to dis- 
turbance that stirring of the soil, as by cultivation, would doubtless 
be fatal to a great many of 
them. The plowing should 
be done to a depth of 3 or 
more inches, and in the 
Great Lakes region the 
time for such treatment 
will vary from about May 
25 to June 10 and earlier in 
southern and warmer lo- 
calities. In regions where 
sandy soils predominate 
the land in the neighbor- 
hood of vineyards should 
Fic. 22.—Eggs of 8-spotted forester, Greatly en- 
larged. 
not be devoted to meadows, but planted to crops which require 
annual plowing and cultivation. 
EIGHT-SPOTTED FORESTER.’ 
The caterpilllars of the eight-spotted forester moth probably never 
do injury in commercial vineyards, but are prevalent principally in 
small unsprayed home plantings. Although the insect is present 
rather generally over the Atlantic States, its occurrence in injurious 
numbers is decidedly local. Recently it has been the subject of much 
complaint in Brooklyn and other points on Long Island, in portions 
of Connecticut, and elsewhere in that general territory. Injury re- 
sults from the defoliation of the vines by the caterpillars, and all 
varieties of grapes are apparently subject to attack. The larve feed 
also on wild grape, barberry, and~ Virginia creeper, and on this 
latter plant they are sometimes quite troublesome in parks. 
In the Northern States, at least, the insect is single brooded. The 
moths are out during May and June and deposit their eggs on leaves 
® Alypia octomaculata Fab. 
of the host plant (fig. 22). The eggs hatch in 4 or 5 days, the result- 
