Insect and Fungous Enemies of the Grape. 25 
history of this insect is imperfectly known, as its injuries thus far 
have not been sufficiently important to require its careful study. 
Hand picking and destroying the webbed leaves with the contained 
larve should keep the insect in check in home plantings. Little, if 
any, loss from this pest is likely in commercial vineyards. 
THE BROWN GRAPE APHIS.” 
The brown grape aphis infests the tender growing shoots and 
leaves of the grape and when abundant may occur on the fruit 
clusters. Its dark brown color 
and relatively large size render 
it rather conspicuous (fig. 26), 
and hence it is the subject of 
frequent inquiry. The insect is 
common in the Southern States 
and ranges to Pennsylvania 
and New York, and westward 
to Missouri, Oklahoma, and 
Texas. It is probably a native 
species, infesting wild grapes, 
as well as cultivated sorts. It 
winters in the egg stage, the 
eges being laid in the fall by 
the female on twigs of black 
haw. Hatching begins early in 
the spring and continues for 
two or three weeks. Young 
aphids feed on the expanding 
buds of the haw, and later on 
the flowers, twigs, and foliage. 
Migrants or winged individ- 
uals fly from the haw to wild 
or cultivated grapes in the 
neighborhood, where they sc Irig. 25.—Larva of grape plume moth and its 
tablish colonies. The aphids injury to grape shoot. Somewhat enlarged. 
continue to infest the grape 
throughout the summer, producing sometimes more than a dozen 
generations, though the colonies may become much decimated by the 
attack of predatory and parasitic insect enemies. In the fall mi- 
grants, which give rise to egg-laying females, return to the haw. The 
latter deposit the winter eggs. 
This aphid has not thus far attracted much attention in commer- 
cial vineyards, but is quite prevalent throughout its area of distribu- 
tion on vines growing around homes. It can be controlled by spray- 
" Macrosiphum illinoisensis Shimer. 
48533 °—21—Bull. 1220-4 
