89 Farmers’ Bulletin 1220. 
through holes cutsto the exterior, and fall to the ground where they 
change to pupe and remain until the following spring, the flies de- 
veloping in time to start other galls on the tender growth. 
No practical control for this insect is known. The cutting off 
and destroying of galls before the grubs have escaped should serve 
to reduce the attack another season. 
THE GRAPE APPLE GALL. 
The hazelnut-like grape apple gall occurs on the shoots of the vine. 
It is somewhat less than an inch in diameter, greenish in color, becom- 
ing reddish as the season advances, more or less pear-shaped, and 
Fic. 38.—Grapeyvine tomato gall on grape leaf and tendril. 
marked on the outside with depressions extending lengthwise (fig. 
34). When cut open it is found to be divided into cells or segments 
with a cross partition, each cell being occupied by bright yellow 
larve. The gall, succulent when small, later becomes quite hard and 
woody. Removing the galls by hand and destroying them when 
found are advised. 
THE TRUMPET OR GRAPE TUBE GALL. 
The upper surface of grape leaves is frequently found to be more 
or less covered with nail-like galls about one-third of an inch long. 
The galls are reddish or crimson in color, shading to green. The par- 
15 Schizomyia pomum W. & R. 18 Cecidomyia viticola O. 8. 
