56 Farmers’ Bulletin 1220. 
grayish white and somewhat sunken. Frequently two or more spots 
unite and cover a considerable part of the berry. The affected tissues 
do not become softened, as in the case of the downy mildew, but the 
fruit finally becomes hard and more or less wrinkled. If only a small 
part of the berry is affected, it may continue to grow, causing the dis- 
eased area to rupture and the seeds to become exposed. The bursting 
of the berries and the exposure of the seeds may, however, be pro- 
duced by other causes, such as the powdery mildew and certain 
physiological disturbances or insect injuries. 
On the diseased areas the minute spores or germs of the fungus 
are frequently produced in immense numbers. The way in which 
these spores are borne is shown in figure 62. The winter form of 
spore produced by this fungus is apparently not common. The fine. 
threadlike filaments which constitute the vegetative part of the para- 
site live during the winter in 
the tissues of the vines and are 
ready for active growth in the 
spring. 
The anthracnose is quite 
widely distributed in this coun- 
try, but fortunately has not 
Fie. 62.—Section of an anthracnose spot, caused ay. great general loss. 
highly magnified: a, Showing the way in It is rather erratic in its be- 
we themes see borne: tee of ete havior, sometimes being very 
serious in one locality or on a 
particular variety, but not general. It may attack vinifera grapes 
seriously where climatic conditions are favorable, as in the south- 
ern part of Texas and on the Gulf coast. On the Pacific coast 
the disease is not known to occur. It should be carefully watched, 
however, as when once well established under favorable conditions 
its control is difficult. 
xs 
TREATMENT. 
All branches or shoots showing cankers should be cut out and 
burned during the winter. Spray the vines thoroughly with commer- 
cial lime sulphur, 1 gallon of lime sulphur to 9 gallons of water, just 
before growth starts in the spring. During the growing season spray 
with Bordeaux mixture as indicated in the spray schedule (p. 74). 
Lime-sulphur solution has been found just as effective as sulphuric 
acid for a dormant application and much less unpleasant and danger- 
ous to handle. A comparison of figures 63 and 64 will show the 
benefits resulting from this method of treatment. 
RIPE-ROT. 
Ripe-rot ** has also been called bitter-rot. The name bitter-rot is, 
however, applied to another fungous disease of the grape (p. 62). As 
* Caused by Glomerella cingulata (Atk.) Spauld. & y. Sechrenk. 
