‘the margins of 
Stored-Grain Pests. ad 
life cycle is greatly prolonged by cold weather, as is true of all 
grain pests. 
RUST-RED FLOUR BEETLE.” 
The rust-red flour beetle is almost identical in appearance with 
the preceding species, to which it is closely related. It can be dis- 
tinguished from the confused flour beetle only with the aid of a 
magnifying glass. The segments of the antenne of the confused 
flour beetle increase in size gradually from the base to the tip, while 
in the rust-red flour beetle the last few segments of the antennz ‘are 
abruptly much larger than the preceding ones, giving the antenne 
the appearance of being suddenly enlarged at the tip. In addition, 
the head of the 
confused flour 
beetle are ex- 
panded and 
notched at the 
eyes, while the 
margins of the 
head of this 
Species are 
nearly continu- 
ous at the eyes. 
The differences 
between the two 
species are Iric. 46.—The confused flour beetle,, ESS commone t insect l 
covered from grain shipments. It is about one-sixth of an 
clearly shown inch long. a, Beetle; b, larva; ¢, pupa; d, lateral lobe of 
* eek sy abdomen of pupa; e, head of beetle, showing antenna; f, same 
in figure 46. e¢ : ; : S 
gure 6. : of the rust-red flour beetle. (Chittenden.) 
and f. 
This insect is similar to the confused flour beetle in-feeding and 
breeding habits, and it is impossible to distinguish between the early 
stages of the two insects. Although cosmopolitan in distribution, 
it is found more commonly in the South, where it causes very serious 
damage to grain products. In addition to the actual damage caused 
by its feeding activities, serious losses are caused by the nauseous 
smell and taste that it imparts to the material it infests. Like the 
confused flour beetle, the rust-red flour beetle is primarily a pest 
of milled products, and while present in grain shipments it confines 
its attack in these to grain dust and the surface of broken grains, 
hence is not a primary pest of commercial shipments. 
LONG-HEADED FLOUR BEETLE.” 
The long-headed flour beetle is a slender, flattened beetle, slightly 
less than an eighth of an inch long, somewhat similar in form to the 
“6 Tribolium ferrugineum Fab. 
“ Latheticus oryzae Waterh. <A closely related species, Latheticus prosopsis Chittn., is 
shown in figure 48. 
