10 Farmers’ Bulletin 1270. 
rate of 1 pound of the powder or 2 pounds of the paste to 50 gallons of water 
ov fungicide. Supplemental treatments are desirable in orchards where the 
curculio is more than ordinarily destructive. 
LESSER APPLE WORM.’ 
The lesser apple worm as a rule is not noticeably injurious, except periodically 
in the Ozark Mountain regions and more occasionally in the New England and 
Middle Atlantic States. When abundant, however, the later generations in 
particular will frequently cause as much damage to the fruit as the codling moth. 
This insect is closely related to the codling moth and, like it, feeds upon the 
flesh of the apple. The type of injury, however, is somewhat different, since 
the larvee of the present species usually feed near the surface of the fruit, fre- 
quently excavating just beneath the skin (figs. 11 and 12.) In some instances. 
however, the larvee penetrate deeper into the flesh, causing injury quite similar 
to that of the codling moth. The larvee will attack any portion of the fruit but 
seem to prefer the calyx basin cavity, although entrance through the side is 
fie. 11.—Work of lesser appie worm Fic. 12.—Injury to apple by lesser apple 
in calyx end of apple. worm, 
very common. The typical injury results in a blotch mine which is very con- 
spicuous and unsightly. The lesser apple worm usually does not complete its 
feeding as early as does the codling moth, and, as a result, it is not infrequently 
found at work after the fruit has been barreled. The lesser apple worm is 
doubtless a native insect and has long been known to feed upon species of 
thorn apple, crab apple, and wild plum. It is primarily of economic importance 
as an apple pest, but has been reported on many of our common deciduous-tree 
fruits, as well as on black-knot of plum and galls of the oak and elm. 
The life history and habits of the lesser apple worm are quite similar to those 
of the codling moth (see p. 3). The winter is passed in the larva stage within 
silken cocoons beneath the loose bark of fruit trees, in barrels or boxes which 
have contained infested fruit, in packing houses, or in almost any place acces- 
sible to the larvee at the time they leave the fruit. When full grown the larva 
is about five-sixteenths of an inch in length, fusiform in shape, uniformly reddish 
or flesh colored above and lighter below, the head being brown to dark brown. 
The moths emerge in the spring about the same time as the codling moth and de- 
posit their eggs upon the foliage. The moth is small, having dark colored front 
wings, with the basal one-fourth irregularly covered with rust red. The eggs 
are usually of an oval shape, slightly convex, covered with a network of ridges, 
® Laspeyresia prunivora Walsh. 
