The More Important Apple Insects. me | 
lowish white. The young or nymphs hatch in the spring, usually from three to. 
four weeks earlier than the apple leafhopper, and immediately begin their 
attack upon the foliage. They are full grown dur- 
ing early summer, at which time they are yellowish 
green and about one-eighth of an inch in length. 
After feeding on the foliage for several weeks the 
adults deposit eggs in the veins of the leaves. 
The second generation hatches from these eggs and 
the nymphs continue to feed upon the foliage. It is 
the work of this brood which as a rule is most con- 
spicuous during late summer. The second brood of 
adults deposits the overwintering eges in the bark 
of the apple, rose, etc., as previously mentioned. 
For the control of the rose leatfhopper 40 per cae. ee 
cent nicotine sulphate should be used at the rate a [a aa: tae 
of 1 part to 1,200 or 1,500 parts of water. 
If other grades of nicotine compounds 
are employed, care should’ be taken that 
the diluted spray has an - equivalent 
strength, namely, about 0.03 per cent of 
actual nicotine... Fish-oil or laundry soap 
should be added at the rate of 2 to 3 
pounds to each 50 gallons of water. The 
spraying should be directed against the 
first-brood nymphs on the under surface 
of the lower leaves, which will requ‘re 
careful and thorough spraying. One ap- 
plication should so reduce the ‘“ hoppers ” 
that further spraying will not be neces- 
sary. The treatment should be made 
when the first-brood nymphs are present 
in maximum numbers, and preferably in 
the first to third stages, which as a rule 
will be 3 to 4 weeks earlier than the first 
spray for the apple leafhopper. If spray- 
ing for the first brood has been nezlected 
and the second brood requires treatment, 
use 40 per cent nicotine sulphate as de- 
scribed above, timing the application 
when the nymphs are present in maxi- 
mum numbers. 
APPLE LEAFHOPPER.” 
The apple leafhopper much resembles 
in size and general appearance the rose 
leafhopper (p. 26), though its injuries 
are quite different. This form attacks 
principally the tender terminal leaves. 
causing them to become reduced in size, 
Fic. 49.—Apple leaves curled by apple 
leafhopper. curled, and misshapen (fig. 49). The 
effect of feeding by the insects even- 
tually causes the tips of the leaves to dry up and turn brown. This injury 
is often important on young orchard trees and on nursery stock. The 
18 Hmpoasca mali LeBaron, 
