54 Farmers’ Bulletin 1270. 
become prominent. It has about the same distribution as the cigar case-bearer 
and attacks essentially the same host 
leaves (fig. 110). 
1G. 112.—Mines of trumpet leaf-miner. 
plants. Although the larvee usually at- 
tack the fruit, the chief damage is 
done to the flowering parts and foliage. 
This injury, however. to apple foliage 
is somewhat different from that caused 
by the cigar case-bearer, since the 
larve of this species do not mine the 
foliage, but, instead, eat out irregular 
patches, thus often 
skeletonizing the 
The life history of the pistol case- 
bearer resembles in a general way that 
of the cigar case-bearer, the principal 
points of difference being that the 
orange-colored larva (fig. 111) does not 
spend a part of its life as a miner; nor 
does it construct an entirely new case 
in place of its hibernaculum. Instead, 
the larva, as it grows, builds additions 
to its winter case so as to accommodate 
its body. The adult is a small, light 
brown moth, with orange wings which 
measure about half an inch from tip to 
tip. The eggs, which are deposited on 
the foliage, are very minute, reddish 
brown, strongly ribbed, and suggest a 
miniature inverted teacup. 
The same suggestions given for the control of the cigar case-bearer are ap- 
propriate for this species. 
TRUMPET LEAF-MINER.” 
The trumpet leaf-miner is another species of minor im- 
portance although the subject of occasional inquiry. Its 
injuries on different occasions have been of importance, 
and it has been perhaps more destructive than other re- 
lated leaf-miners. As the name suggests. the completed 
mines have somewhat the shape of a trumpet (fig. 112). 
When abundant, the injury may result in some defoliation 
of the trees, with consequent injury to fruit buds and fruit. 
It is thought to be native and doubtless fed originally 
upon crab-apple trees and wild haws, as it does at the 
present time, It occurs rather generally throughout the 
eastern half of the United States and Canada. 
The winter is passed in the larva stage within the 
mines in the fallen leaves (fig. 113), the mines being 
well lined with silk. The mature larva is about one-fifth 
of an inch in length, flat, legless, with a pale green 
body and yellowish brown head. It enters the pupa stage 
in the spring, and the moths are on the wing by the time 
Fic. 113.—Larva of 
trumpet leaf-miner. 
(Upper epidermis 
of mine removed.) 
Enlarged. 
he foliage is well out.- The tiny moths have 4 wing expanse of about one- 
fourth inch, the forewings being brown with a somewhat purplish luster. 
*® Tischeria malifoliella Clemens. 
