62 Farmers’ Bulletin 1270. 
in the orchard bran-mash poisoned bait made according to the following 
formula : 
Part 1: 
Paris’ green ‘(or white ‘arseni@yee2= = es pounds__ 23 
Bran ae 1 2 eer 022s 250 
Part -2; 
Lemons (pulp and rind finely chopped) —~------~~- truitse= 6 
Molasses (low grade preferred) ~-_~___-___-_____- fallonl= ol 
YE cy RS = + Ss ne ld St gallons22 35 
Mix thoroughly the ingredients of part 1; next mix together the materials of 
part 2, first adding to the water the lemon juice and the pulp and rind finely 
chopped, and finally the molasses. When ready to use, mix thoroughly the 
ingredients of parts 1 and 2 and add sufficient water to make a wet mash. The 
mash should be thoroughly scattered broadcast early in the morning, preferably 
when the soil is damp, at the rate of from 8 to 5 pounds to the acre. In arid 
regions the mash should 
be scattered along damp 
irrigation laterals, since 
it quickly hardens and 
when dry is not readily 
eaten by the insects. 
A further protection 
may be afforded fruit 
trees by spraying with ar- 
senate of lead at the rate 
of 2 pounds of the pow- 
der or 4 pounds of the 
paste to each 50 gallons 
of water or fungicide. 
A type of apparatus known as the hopperdozer, having shallow compartments 
to hold kerosene, as shown in figure 125, is frequently used. This is drawn 
through the orchard by a team, and the grasshoppers are killed when they leap 
into the pans containing the oil. : 
Ire. 125.—Hopperdozer for catching grasshoppers. 
SAN JOSE SCALE.” 
The San Jose scale, while a comparatively small and insignificant appearing in- 
sect, is, owing to its great powers of reproduction, a pest of first-class importance. 
Two or three decades ago it was the center of attention by orchardists and 
others, and was the cause of losses amounting to many millions of dollars. 
It is thought to have been introduced from China, and was first found in this 
country in San Jose, Calif., about 1870. Since its introduction it has been 
distributed by means of nursery stock and other agencies. to practically all 
of the principal fruit districts of the United States. The development of 
effective and economical sprays, especially lime-sulphur wash, has enabled 
fruit growers satisfactorily to control the pest, and they now have full con- 
fidence in their ability to keep it reduced below injurious numbers. 
At the present time the insect throughout much of the fruit-growing regions 
of the Central and Northern States is of much less importance as an orchard 
pest than formerly, due apparently to several factors. Probably. one of the 
most important of these is the general use by orchardists of dilute lime-sulphur 
49 Aspidiotus perniciosus Comstock. 
