86 Farmers’ Bulletin 1270. 
sprayer or two to provide against emergencies, and extra parts should be kept 
on hand to replace those that are broken or worn. 
For those having relatively 
few trees, a hand-pump outfit, as 
a barrel pump, may suffice, but 
generally speaking it is better 
economy to employ a power 
sprayer (fig. 178), even in the 
ease of comparatively small acre- 
ages. Reliable power outfits. are 
made in different sizes to meet 
the demands of small to large 
growers. 
The hose and couplings should 
be of the best materials, since 
these are subject to considerable 
pressure and strain, particularly 
in the case of high-power spray- 
ne f ‘dee 
Bia kA pores Sores ie ee E,  The aélaction “of the prgnes 
spray nozzles, rods, or spray guns 
will depend largely upon the capacity of the outfit and other factors. 
A power machine for applying dust materials is shown in figure 179. 
APPLE-SPRAYING SCHEDULES. 
As has been explained in the foregoing pages, fruit trees and fruits are’ si- 
multaneously attacked by many insects and fungous diseases, as the codling: 
moth, plant-lice, apple scab, etc. 
It is therefore desirable, and 
fortunately possible, by a com- 
bination of insecticidal and fun- 
gicidal materials, to effect the 
control of these several troubles 
by one and the same spray ap- 
plication, as by a spray of dilute 
lime-sulphur, arsenate of lead, 
and 40 per cent nicotine sulphate. 
Entomologists and pathologists 
have given much study to de- 
veloping combination treatments 
of this kind in order to save the 
grower the extra cost and time 
of separate treatments. Also, 
spray schedules have been de- 
veloped for the more important 
insect and fungous diseases of 
the apple, peach, grape, and the 
like. While it is always desir- 
able that an orchardist know as 
much as possible about his insect 
and fungous pests, yet he will be 
able to obtain much success in their control simply by carefully following a series 
of spray applications timed so as to treat most effectively the various troubles 
present on the trees or fruit. Although it is not possible by the following of 
Fie. 179.—A power dusting outfit at work. 
