26 Farmers’ Bulletin 1294. 
which may be transported considerable distances or kept in storage 
for a loag period. 
E xperiments have shown that many of the full-grown borers are 
able to survive total or partial submergence in either fresh or salt 
water for a period of at least 40 days ‘during their inactive period 
in the late autumn, winter, or early spring. This fact has an 
important bearing on the possible drift of infested material in 
rivers, lakes, etc. 
NEW YORK STATE AREAS. 
The seasonal occurrence of each stage of the European corn borer 
is two or three weeks later in New York than in New England and 
the larva, or borer, stage is much longer. 
According to records secured duri ing , 1920, the overwintering borers 
in New York began to enter the pupa or resting stage about the first 
week of June. The moths began to emerge about the last week of 
June and were present in the fields depositing eggs until the middle 
of August. Small borers were found attacking “the plants during 
the first week of July. By the third week of August many of the 
early hatching borers were apparently nearly full grown, but instead 
of pupating ‘and emerging as moths to deposit eggs for a second 
generation, as happens in New England, these large borers con- 
tinued feeding or boring, with intervals af inactivity, until the ad- 
vent of cold weather. The later- hatching borers became full grown 
during September and October. 
In 1921 the seasonal occurrence of each stage of the insect in New 
York was about two or three weeks earlier than in 1920. As a re- 
sult of this early development a limited second generation was pro- 
duced. A few pupe and moths of this second brood were found 
during late July and early August. These moths began depositing 
eggs of the second generation during the first week of. August. The 
second-generation borers which hatched from these eggs reached 
full erowth before the end of the season. The appearance of a 
second generation in this region, it is believed, will occur very 
rarely. 
The general feeding habits of the European corn borer in New 
York are the same as in New England, except that in New England 
the borer is known to attack a oreater ‘variety of plants at the pres- 
ent time. This difference in feeding habits may be due to the lighter 
infestation at present existing in New York. 
NATURAL ENEMIES. 
Although quite a variety of natural enemies of the European corn 
borer have been recorded in this country, they do not usually attack 
the insect in any appreciable numbers, and can not be relied upon at 
the present time to hold the pest in check. 
INSECT PARASITES. 
In New England, a very small, four-winged. wasplike parasite 
sometimes destroys large numbers of the eggs of the European 
2 PTrichogramma minutum Riley. 
