320 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 
quents the surface when swimming about freely and so is oftenest taken 
in surface tows. 
SAPPHIRINA BICUSPIDATA Giesbrecht 
Sapphirina bicuspidata GirsBRecHT, Atti Accad. Lincei, Rome, ser. 4, vol. 7, 
sem. 1, p. 479, 1891; Fauna und Flora des Golfes yon Neapel, monogr. 19, 
pp. 619, 642, pl. 52, figs. 39-41; pl. 53, figs. 9,37, 54; pl. 54, figs. 5, 30, 66, 1892. 
Stations 3901; 5223. A single female was present in the plankton at 
station 3901 in the Hawaiian Islands. Several females were taken at 
station 5223 off Santa Cruz, Philippine Islands. The species was 
reported from 12 stations in the Siboga plankton. It has also been 
found by Farran (1929, p. 289) in the tropical Atlantic and has been 
recorded from the Indian Ocean (Thompson and Scott, 1903, p. 287), 
the Mediterranean (Giesbrecht, 1892, p. 619), and the Red Sea (Steuer, 
1898, p. 425). In spite of this wide distribution, not more than one 
or two specimens have been taken from any one locality. 
SAPPHIRINA GEMMA Dana 
Sapphirina gemma Dana, Froec. Amer. Acad. Arts and Sci., vol. 2, p. 44, 1849; 
United States Exploring Expedition, 1838-42 (Wilkes), vol. 14, pt. 2, Crus- 
tacea, p. 1252, 18583 ; pl. 88, figs. 1 a—-f, 2 a—g, 1855. 
Station 3878. Established by Dana upon specimens from the coast 
of New Zealand and reported in the Monaco and Challenger planktons. 
SAPPHIRINA INTESTINATA Giesbrecht 
Sapphirina intestinata GIESBRECHT, Atti Accad. Lincei, Rome, ser. 4, vol. 7, sem. 1, 
p. 478, 1891; Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel, monogr. 19, pp. 619, 
648, pl. 52, figs. 10, 11, 36; pl. 58, figs. 11, 47, 51; pl. 54, figs. 7, 29, 62, 1892. 
Stations 71; 4761. Founded by Giesbrecht upon specimens from 
the tropical Pacific north of the Equator; also recorded from the trop- 
ical Pacific in the Stboga plankton. The second of these Albatross 
stations is just south of the Shumagin Islands of Alaska. This is very 
far north for the genus, but within the influence of the Japan Current, 
which can transport species to the north just as the Gulf Stream does 
in the northern Atlantic. 
SAPPHIRINA IRIS Dana 
Sapphirina iris Dana, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts and Sci., vol. 2, p. 41, 1849; 
United States Exploring Expedition, 1888-42 (Wilkes), vol. 14, pt. 2, Crus- 
tacea, p. 1289, 1853; pl. 87, figs. 1 a—-c, 2 a—d, 1855. 
Stations 4619; 5155. Four females were captured at station 4619 
off the southwest coast of Panama; a fifth at station 5155 in the Phil- 
ippines. The species appears both in the Challenger plankton (gemma, 
