Chester. (See Wright's "Celt, Rom. and Saxon," ch.vi., p. 195.) 

 Many bones of animals were found, as is usually the case in 

 the course of excavating Roman Villas. These are, for the 

 most part, tips of the antlers of the fallow and the red deer. 

 Some have the marks of the cutting tool upon them, and 

 seem to have been prepared as handles for knives and other 

 implements. Bone hair-pins also were found, and many 

 oyster shells, in different parts of the Villa. Specimens of 

 different kinds of pottery were found, from the coarse black 

 to the finer red and Samian ; also some good specimens of 

 glass, some of which had undergone the action of great heat. 

 All these were brought from the Villa, carefully ticketed, 

 and have been placed in a case in the Museum of the Literary 

 and Scientific Institution, by the care of i\lr. Winwood. 



The following is a list of the chief articles found in 

 excavating : — 



Iron. — An iron celt, exactly like the head of a modern spud, 

 into which has been fixed a wooden handle ; two 

 large clamps ; three large flat-headed nails ; many 

 rooting nails; clamps and fastenings of various 

 kinds ; part of a singular horse shoe, twisted at the 

 sides (a similar piece of iron was found at Silchester, 

 and is said to be an implement connected with 

 farriery) ; also fused metal. 

 Bronze. — Small portions of fine plates, probably pieces of 



mirrors ; and small bronze vessels. 

 Stone. — Six different parts of columns of various sizes ; a 

 hand-stone for grinding or pounding, and top 

 stone of a quern ; curious quern, or hand-mill ; 

 large quartz crystal ; Roman weight of stone, pierced, 

 and probably used as a spindle ; part of a stone 

 water-course, 3ft. long, 10|in. wide, and 6in. deep ; 

 stone pinnacle, or the terminal ornament of the roof, 

 similar in form and ornament to that found at 



