60 
just above a node, or of the base of a branch, or of the base 
of a petiole or of a peduncle; the part affected becomes swollen 
till it reaches about twice its normal diameter, but hardly alters 
in appearance otherwise. The walls are thin, and enclose a rather 
large cavity, in which lives a white larva. The galls are not rare 
in various localities near Aberdeen, and also at Cluny, on Donside, 
in July and August, during which months the beetles emerge 
from them. 
Lathyrus pratensis L. (= Meadow-vetch).—The galls are leaflets affected 
as in Vicia, but are usually of rather larger size, and are reddish 
brown in colour. They are usually found in sets of 3 in the 
axils of the leaves towards the tip of the stem. Each contains 
two or three orange larvae of Cecidomyia. The galls are common 
at Muchalls in autumn. 
Nat. OrpD. RosacEm. 
Prunus communis Huds. var. spinosa L. (= Sloe, Blackthorn) A.—The 
galls are usually situated along the margin, more rarely scattered 
over the lamina. They project on both surfaces, are more or less 
irregular in form, but (unless two or more are united) seldom ex- 
ceed 3 inch in diameter. They are naked, and reddish-brown 
above, paler below. They open on the upper surface by a narrow 
slit, the margins of which are sparingly covered with simple hairs. 
The central cavity is lined with hairs, among which live numerous 
mites Phytoptus (= Cephaloneon confluens, Bremi = C. hypocratert- 
forme, Bremr). The galls are common almost wherever the plant 
Ows. 
B., ‘Nail Galls,’ obovate, attached by a narrow base to the upper surface 
of the leaf, in size about 76 — + X 7s inch, reddish-brown, 
wrinkled, somewhat downy, and open by a small hole on the 
lower surface. They are lined with hairs, among which live 
Phiytoptus (= Ceratoneon attenuatum Bremi). Usually several galls 
occur on a leaf. They are less common than the last. 
Prunus Padus L. (= Bird Cherry).—The galls are quite like B. on P. 
communis, save in being slighter and naked; they are formed 
by the same species of mite. Ona bushy plant growing beside 
the Dee, at Banchory, overshadowed by other bushes, I found 
a form of this gall more slender than usual (§ — + X 7s inch), and 
quite green. The galls are abundant at Banchory, in Glengairn, 
and in Braemar. 
Spirea Ulmaria L. (= Queen of the Meadow, or Meadow Sweet).—The 
galls are scattered irregularly over the lamina, and are top-shaped, 
the rounded part projecting from the upper surface, the sharp 
apex projecting below; the upper part is green or yellowish and 
smooth, or slightly wrinkled. The galls are about js;—% inch in 
diameter. Each is occupied by one red larva of Cecidomyia Ul- 
marie Brent. They are abundant almost everywhere. 
Rubus fruticosus L. (= Bramble)—Some of the pinne remain folded 
(conduplicate), and become somewhat thickened here and there 
along their midribs; each inflated portion is occupied by one or 
more orange larve of a Cecidomyia. They occur, in autumn, near 
Aberdeen. 
Potentilla Tormentilla Sibth. (= Tormentil).—The gall is a swelling on 
the stem, situated usually just above a node. It is irregularly 
rounded externally, but varies in form, as several are often united. 
The surface is slightly pubescent, and is purplish-brown, and 
wrinkled when dry. On section it is found to contain one or 
