F. 
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63 
green or dull reddish and opaque surface, thinner but more com- 
pact walls, and larger cell; they split open like A., and are also 
probably the work of ©. Galii, Winn. They are common during 
the summer and autumn at Muchalls, and on the Links. 
. Projects from the stem, usually a short distance above a node ; 
consists of a cone flattened laterally with the apex turned down- 
wards; it is about 4 inch long; the outer surface is green, naked, 
and wrinkled; the sides of the cone are very thin; each is 
tenanted by one white larva of Cecidomyia ; they are common at 
Muchalls, near Old Aberdeen, &e., in June and July. 
. Terminal, being a tuft of leaves spirally imbricated, the outer 
ones green and fresh, the inner withered; in the centre live 
several larvae of Cecidomyia. The galls are not uncommon near 
Old Aberdeen, at Muchalls, &c., in the latter part of summer 
and autumn. 
. The galls are altered flowerbuds; they are terminal or are dis- 
persed among the flowers and fruits on a flowerstalk; they are 
ovate, tz — } X vs — 4 inch, green, naked, much wrinkled, and 
inclose a very irregular and narrow cavity, in which live multi- 
tudes of mites — Phytoptus. These galls are very abundant all 
along the coast, in Braemar, in Strathdon, &c. 
The leaves in the 2 or 3 uppermost whorls are all affected ; the 
margins become revolute till they meet below the midrib; the 
leaves become thickened aud slightly distorted in appearance, and 
the colour changes to a yellowish green. On microscopic exami- 
nation, the interior of the tubes formed by the revolute margins 
is found to be studded with short conical hairs, between which 
there live mites in considerable numbers (Phytoptus); not un- 
common near Old Aberdeen in September. The effect produced 
by the mites is so slight, that it is readily overlooked. 
Galium palustre L. (= Marsh Bedstraw). 
A. Terminal, composed of a rosette (about is — % inch across) of 
B. 
leaves which are slightly fleshy, smooth, and purplish in colour. 
Among the leaves live one or two white or orange larvae of Ceci- 
domyia (Galii Winn ?). The galls are common at Banchory, in 
September. 
Terminal, differ from A in being smaller, the leaves being short, 
broad, and imbricated over a nearly round fleshy body in the 
centre, which contains a rather large cavity, in which live several 
larvae of Cecidomyia Galii Winn. ; common beside the Loch of 
Park and at Cluny, on Donside, in July and August. 
‘ Galium boreale L. (= Northern Bedstraw). 
; 
A. Terminal or axillary, ovate, —% x ws — 4 inch; the leaves com- 
posing it. are closely imbricate, green, and covered with short pale 
hairs; each gall is occupied by one reddish orange larva of Cecido- 
myia; often several galls occur on one stem. They are common 
in August and September, in various places along the Dee, e.g., at 
Ruthrieston near Aberdeen; at Banchory ; in Braemar, &e. 
. The galls consist of a swelling of the stem just above a node, 
usually irregularly ovate, the broad end below, but bulging 
chiefly to one side of the stem; about 1 —} x }—} inch; surface 
nearly naked, coarsely striated longitudinally ; cell rather large, 
with thin walls; each is inhabited by one larva of Cecidomyia 
, occur sparingly in Braemar. 
Galium Aparine L. (= Goose-grass or Cleavers). 
4. Situated like a. and B. on Galiwm verum), on the stem, either at a 
node, or at the apex. When at a node, they usually include both 
