45 
only a single leaf. Not rarely the sepals also are attacked, but 
without marked injury to the development of the flower. Plants 
when severely attacked become very much changed in appearance. 
The affected parts are of a dull purple-red or brown-red, somewhat 
thickened and fleshy, revolute, and generally more or less covered 
with grey hairs; and they may also be more or less stunted in | 
size. On transverse section the mesophyll is found to be but 
little changed ; but the epiderms are loosened from it, and the 
cells exposed to light are filled with coloured cell-sap, usually 
purplish-red. From the epiderm cells hairs grow out, generally 
simple, consisting of a row of cylindrical cells, the last cell of the 
row being bluntly rounded. There may be up to 15 cells in each 
hair. The hairs are often a little twisted, owing to slight irregu- 
larities in the form of the cells ; occasionally they arise so close 
together as to seem to fork at the base. They are pale or colourea 
according to the exposure they undergo to light. The mites live 
in small numbers among them. I met with these galls in con- 
siderable numbers in the end of June on Scotston Moor, near 
Aberdeen, this year. Similar galls have been described by Dr. 
Thomas as occurring on P. palustris in Thuringia. 
RUMEX ACETOSELLA L. :— 
Flowers galled by Cecidomyia Rumicis H. Loew. The buds 
becomie considerably swollen and rather fleshy, are orange-red in 
colour in most cases, and remain closed. The sexual organs 
abort ; and one or more orange larvz, or white cocoons may be 
found in each flower-bud. Many flowers are attacked usually on 
a plant ; and the galls in 1883 were extremely abundant near 
Aberdeen. Owing to their small size, one is apt to overlook 
them. ‘The midges are very easily reared from them. This insect 
is included in Walker's ‘‘ Zusecta Britannica,” IIL. p. 100. 
ULMUS MONTANA Sm. :— 
a. Galls of Zetraneura Ulmi L. form rifle-bullet-shaped bodies 
arising from the upper surface of the leaf (“Sa JVat.,” V., p. 216). 
6. Galls of Schizoneura Ulmi L., consisting of fleshy distorted 
revolute leaves, which shelter, in the pouch formed by them, a 
large number of the Aphides amidst a quantity of secretion. 
(“‘ Sc. Nat,,” V., p. 216). 
¢. Mite-galls in the leaves, the work of Phytoptus. They are 
very inconspicuous when young, but are readily detected after a 
time by causing the leaf around them to die and to become brown 
in spots about 4 or 5 mm. across, very closcly resembling the spots 
