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between the two things. The callosity or protuberance was not 
above 3 inches under ground, and there was a distance. of about 
8 feet between it and the stem of the tree. The root to which it 
was attached, and which connected it with the tree, though of 
the above length, and extending a foot beyond the callosity, was 
very much below size, compared with the larger and stronger 
roots connected with that side of the tree still in health. The 
same may be said of some other roots adjoining the one with the 
callosity. All the roots on that side of the tree were in an 
unhealthy state. : 
The callosity itself measures 2 feet 64 inches in circumference ; 
its length is 10 inches, and the diameter 93 inches. Its form is 
not exactly globular, but approaching to pear-shape, one half 
narrowing at bottom, and reaching down the axis lower than the 
other half, Its present weight, in its dried state, is 13 pounds, 
When first taken up it probably weighed from 1 to 2 pounds 
more. 
The circumference of the root just above the callosity is 7 
inches; below, where it makes its exit from the callosity, the 
circumference is only 3} inches. 
The callosity having been sawn in half, perpendicularly down 
the axis, on examining the section, the course of the portion of 
the root above the tumour may be traced for 3} inches after 
entering it, and the portion at bottom may be traced upwards 
for near 4 inches. Neither can be distinguished further, each 
portion losing itself in the closely-compacted central mass of 
woody fibre, this last spreading out horizontally, in somewhat 
- fan-shaped fashion, towards the circumference, at the same time 
passing upwards and downwards to encircle those portions of 
the root which still preserve their forms, though shut out from 
view externally. The successive layers of wood-growth are 
clearly seen in the concentric circles that undulate round the 
axis, these circles being traversed by extremely fine medullary 
rays reaching from the centre to the bark. 
