195 
the axis of the down all the way, and tilts the Coal Measures at a high 
angle where they approach it, and dislocates them. I believe no actual 
workable coal has been discovered in this valley, though there seems to be 
no doubt that the coal belongs to the Lower series (like that in the Nailsea 
basin), as the Pennant appears to rest on the coal at Clapton church. In 
the Nailsea basin the second rate character of the coal has caused the 
workings to be neglected for some years, The old shafts seem to have 
been sunk much too close to theS. edge of the basin, and must consequently 
have struck a very disturbed region, though if a trial was made more in 
the centre, perhaps greater success would have attended it. 
Clapton in Gordano Borings. 
Feet. 
Soil and New Red sandst : ee teen LO 
Dolom, Congl : ats os Ac 21 
Pennant He és sey «ss - 135 
Bed of Marl with water we Pas 136 
Pennant ee “ of ree LOG 
Clay 4 aii ne 
CCUG Maas Naa te ea is a» 162 
| Shales .., a on a 222 
q Pennant sng soe hig ., 442 
q Shale... sr ay eae 447 
' Pennant Aa 510 
(The coal fields of Gloust : and Som :, by John Anstie, C.E.) 
Dolomitic or Magnesian Conglomerate ; fringing the sides of this 
basin and even occurring here and there as patches on the top of some 
of the hills, e9., near Walton Castle, a very peculiar formation is 
seen. If you handle a good specimen you will find it composed of a 
mass of rounded and sub-angular pebbles composed of Old Red sand- 
stone, Millstone grit, Mountain limestone and Quartz, cemented by a 
yellow matrix of carbonate of lime and magnesia. This Conglomerate 
graduates from large boulders of considerable size, as much as three tons 
in weight, through small rounded pebbles to a fine grained buff-coloured 
freestone or Magnesian limestone which is used for building, and forms 
‘the quoins of most of the pretty villas in this neighbourhood. Well, then, 
‘what is this peculiar conglomerate? First, however, as to its position, I 
id it fringes the sides of the hills throughout the basin ; it not only does 
this but is found resting in a peculiar manner on the ‘basset’ or upturned 
edges of the Carboniferous limestone or old Red sandstone ; these edges, 
too, if you look closely at them, have been planed down by some mighty 
