388 
duce an intense heat is clear from the fact that the stone sides of 
the pits were in many cases calcined on the surface, and that many 
pieces of stone found among the charcoal were burnt to lime. 
That the burning material fell in is clear from the fact that the 
stores of corn were burnt from above, the highest portion being 
most completely reduced to charcoal. 
The remains of animals and vegetables used for food indicate 
a race in a pretty advanced state of barbaric civilisation. Of 
animals there were bones of oxen of a small kind, of which a great 
abundance was found. Part ofa skull and horn was submitted to 
Professor Owen, who pronounced the animal to be the bos 
longifrons, which, says Dr. Latham, “may have originated some 
native breeds which the inhabitants of even the earliest period, 
the period of stone and bone implements, may have domesticated. 
The opinion of Professor Owen is in favour of this view, and 
certainly, though it cannot be enforced by mere authority, it is 
recommended by its simplicity.”* Bones of pigs were also found, 
and in one pit a pig’s skull with the back in contact with the 
rock, showing, as Mr. Warre points out, that it was severed by 
human agency. Bones of deer and of horses, and one hoof of a 
small horse, were discovered in the pits, I believe some goats’ 
bones must be added to the list. The bones of various kinds of 
water-fowl and other birds were remarkably plentiful. 
Among the contents of several pits I saw the shells of limpets 
here and there. Of vegetable food wheat and barley have been 
found in considerable quantities, and also a kind of pulse or small 
pea. 
In one case the wheat and barley were carefully stored away 
at the bottom of the pit on some pieces of board, and the different 
kinds even kept separate by thin slips of wood. 
The great probability of fish having formed a considerable 
portion of the subsistence of these people must not be overlooked. 
* “Ethnology of the British Islands,” p. 25, _ 
