~ 
VOL. XV.(2) EFFECTS OF EARTH-PRESSURES 95 
which at Aust, Garden, and Wainlode Cliffs, happens to 
be full of vertebrate-remains—the well-known Bone-bed.’ 
But in Worcestershire the equivalent stratum is usually 
a thick deposit of sandstone.” Near Defford, and again at 
Abbotts Lench, however, an ossiferous development has 
been noticed. But the reason why the sandstone-deposit, 
usually without vertebrate-remains, is known to be on 
the same horizon as the well-known Bone-bed of Garden 
and Wainlode Cliffs is, because at Wainlode Cliff the 
one variety may be traced laterally into the other. 
Above this Bone-bed or its equivalent the remaining - 
Rhetic deposits are remarkably persistent; allowing, of 
course, for unequal deposition. But such is not the 
case with those below. The Rhetic Series in this 
country seldom exceeds 35 feet in thickness, a fact which 
should be remembered, because six or seven feet is 
then a fair fraction of the whole. Now at Dunhampstead 
there is a deposit over four feet thick below the Bone- 
bed-equivalent; at Wainlode Cliff, two feet; at Denny 
Hill, nothing; at Chaxhill, over seven feet. At Chaxhill 
and Garden Cliff are beds not found elsewhere in Glouces- 
tershire and Worcestershire ; if the depression of the floor 
of the Rheetic Ocean had been sufficient at Dunhampstead, 
the sequence would probably have been the same as that 
now seen at Garden Cliff; since the upper of what are fre- 
quently termed the “‘ Pxddastra-sandstones” is present in 
the railway-cutting and also in the Crowle section. There- 
fore the theory advanced to account for these phenomena ~ 
is that the Keuper Marls were bent into slight anticlines 
and synclines in immediate pre-Rhetic times: in the 
synclinal areas the earlier Rhetic beds were laid down, 
and then there was successive overlap of the deposits 
on the marls. The greatest overlap occurred when the 
1 Proc, Cotteswold Nat. F. C, Vol. xiv., pt, 2, pp. 127-174; pt. 3, pp. 251-256; 
Geol. Mag., 1903, pp. 80-82. 
2 Proc. Cotteswold Nat. F C., Vol. xv., pt. 1, pp. 19-44. 
