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VOL. XV. (3) | EXCURSION—COOPER’S HILL 179 
years. The bathing-establishment was complete, and contained 
elaborately-designed tesselated pavements’. (W.T.) 
Leaving the villa, the Members climbed partly up the hill, where 
Mr Cullis read a short paper on the geology, prepared by the Hon. 
Secretary. 
Cooper’s Hill is one of the more prominent spurs of the Cottes- 
wold Hills, running northwards into the vale and attaining an elevation 
of 927 feet. The highest beds belong to the Great-Oolite Series, but 
these as well as the subjacent Inferior-Oolite Beds are greatly disturbed. 
Two main faults traverse the hill. The first runs from north-west to 
south-east and throws the Great Oolite against the Inferior Oolite. 
The second runs north-by-east and south-by-west terminating at its 
southern end against the plane of the other fault. 
The Upper Lias consists mostly of blue clay, which can be 
observed occasionally beneath the débris in the old quarry on the 
northern slope of the hill. To the west of it a steep path climbs the 
hill-side, and it is in the bank which has been cut into for this path that 
the most satisfactory section of the basement-beds of the Inferior 
Oolite at this locality is obtained. 
The Scissum-Beds are seen resting directly upon the Cotteswold 
Sands. No Cephalopoda-Bed intervenes. It has probably been 
deposited but removed, as on the under surface of the Scsswm-Beds, 
pebbles, rolled belemnites, and rarely fragments of ammonites (mostly 
of the Phy/seogrammoceras dispansum-type) may be noticed. 
Part of the upper portion of the Cotteswold Sands has also 
probably been denuded. 
At Birdlip Hill the whole of the sand-deposit has been removed, 
and the Sczsswm-Beds rest directly upon the Upper Lias. This phenome- 
non is very well seen in an excavation which Mr A. S. Helps has made 
in his garden at The Knap. This artificial cave has the blue micaceous 
Upper-Lias clays for its walls and the massive limestones of the 
Scissum-Beds for its roof. 
The Scissum-Beds at Cooper’s Hill are 12 feet 2 inches in thickness 
and have yielded Rhynchonella subdecorata, Dav., Rhyn. cf. subangulata, 
Dav., Zerebratula eutdes, S. Buckman, Aulacothyris Blakei (Walker), 
and several lamellibranchs.?, Above comes typical Pea-Grit. 
An old quarry where the Upper Z7igonza-Grit was once visible, 
resting upon the Buckmant-Grit, was pointed out, and it was remarked 
that very fine specimens of Zerebratula crickleyensis had once been 
obtained here. 
It had been intended to visit some sand- and gravel-pits at 
Hucclecote, but time did not permit, and the Members had to be 
content with a glimpse of some mammalian remains—mostly teeth— 
which had been taken from the pits. 
At the kind invitation of Mr Cullis, the Members had tea at 
Barnwood Court. (L.R.) 
1 G. B. Witts, “Arch. Handbook County Gloucester,” pp. 66, 67 Archzologia, 
vol. xix, p. 178. Also Proc. Cotteswold Nat, F. C., vol. v, p. 247; Trans. Bristol 
and Gloucester Arch. Soc., 1879-80, p. 34. 
2 L. Richardson, ‘‘ Handbook Geol. Cheltenham ” (1904), p. 69. 
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