224 PROCEEDINGS COTTESWOLD CLUB 1906 
Bone remains not having been discovered in connection 
with the “‘ pygmies,” the probability is that the latter were 
ordinarily fitted to wooden holders and then utilized as 
saws, weapons, and, in short, for every purpose to which 
man can apply an edged, pointed, or toothed tool. As Sir 
John Evans has pointed out (of. czt., p. 293), Australian 
savages make knives or saws by attaching small flakes of 
flint in a row in a matrix of resin at one end of a stick, 
and spears are formed in the same manner. Occasionally, 
flakes of quartz or other silicious material were mounted 
at the end of short handles by the Australians, so as to 
form a kind of dagger or chisel. 
Without further search for illustrations in detail, we 
may, I think, be satisfied to hold that the “ pygmy flints,” 
even the smallest, were. big enough to make serviceable 
implements, when properly set with suitable adhesives in 
various kinds of holders and handles. I agree with M. de 
Pierpoint that they are not the sort of implements likely 
to be used by a conquering people. I doubt if weapons 
made with such small flints could have been of much use 
either in war or against the larger mammals, but they were 
well adapted for killing birds and “small deer.” 
Thus the question of use touches that of origin, and we - 
seem almost driven to the conclusion, suggested by Mr 
Brown and M. de Pierpoint, and further developed in this 
paper, that the “ pygmy flints” are the work of a race (or 
races), which retreated before the advancing Neolithic 
users of big stone weapons, sometimes remaining 
associated with the conquerors, and sometimes dwelling 
quite apart. 
I am not satisfied that Sir John Evans’ theory about 
“similar requirements” adequately explains the facts, and I 
am inclined so far to agree with Mr Gatty as to think it 
probable that the “pygmies” are the work of a weak, 
dependent race which either entered Europe along with 
