VOL. XVI. (1) EXCURSION—SELSLEY HILL & ULEY BURY 19 
Uley Bury, Cam Long Down, and Peakéd Down were once part 
of one mass—later, probably, of a long straggling mass like Stinch- 
combe Hill, and the portion which joins it on to the main hill-mass. 
But denudation has cut it up, and the amount of degradation is 
in direct ratio to the length of time the portions have been separated. 
Thus Peakéd Down is the most degraded, Cam Long Down next, and 
then Uley Bury, which is still joined on to the main hill-mass, but by 
a very narrow neck of Inferior-Oolite rocks. In other words, in these 
three hills we have an excellent illustration of the genesis, perfection, 
and degradation of an ‘‘ outlier.” 
Speaking of the camp, Mr John Sawyer said there were three 
entrances to it, with covered ways. It was one of a long series built 
by Ostorius Scapula, in the middle of the first century. The line 
of camps extended from the Bristol Avon to the Warwickshire Avon, 
and possibly farther. The purpose for which they were used was 
easy to understand. The Romans, having got into the Cotteswolds, 
about the year 43, seized Cirencester, and turned it into a garrison 
camp, after which they pushed on to Uley Bury and other western 
points. They were not there long before finding how restless, how 
tireless, and how obstinate were their wild enemies, the Silures. So 
constant and fierce were their attacks, that Aulus Plautius was put in 
command of the Roman forces, and he was succeeded by Ostorius 
Scapula, who made the camp at Uley Bury. No doubt it was 
a British camp, because, as they had seen, there was a fairly wide 
platform running round it. It was almost exactly like the British camp 
on the Malvern Hills. The Romans seized it, and adapted it to their 
own purposes. This Cotteswold escarpment was evidently a great 
fighting-ground for a long period. The Romans here offered opposi- 
tion to the enemy coming across the vale. The Saxons did the same 
in their turn. For a long period the Severn acted as a barrier between 
conqueror and conquered, and Offa was the first to carry the boundary 
beyond the river by erecting his well-known dyke. Similar difficulties 
presented themselves to the Normans, and it was obvious that the 
camp at Uley Bury had been occupied on various occasions. It 
occupies an area of about thirty acres, detached from the adjoining 
range save at one point. The fortifications conform to the outline of 
the escarpment; the natural steep sides have been cut into so as 
to form a‘terrace about forty feet wide all round the hill; and the 
entrance across the narrow neck of land is strongly defended by 
a series of mounds. 
_Mr Upton pointed out that at Haresfield there were two camps : 
one British, and the other Roman; thus indicating that the Romans 
for some reason preferred making a camp on the edge of the escarp- 
ment, rather than adopting the older camp farther back. 
Mr Sawyer said the same thing happened at Cleeve and Crickley. 
The party next paid a visit to the mound at Uley Bury, locally 
known as ‘‘ Hetty Pegler’s Tump,” but familiar to antiquaries as one 
of the best-preserved prehistoric burial places in the country. Mr 
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