VOL. XVI.(2) EXCURSION—-CHURCH STRETTON ELF 
through the strata at several points along the central line. The 
plagioclinal structure is similar to that of the Wrekin, and is charac- 
teristic of the Pre-Cambrian hills of Shropshire and the Malverns. On 
the north-western side, the mass is faulted against Silurian limestones 
and shales towards the north-eastern end, and against Longmyndian 
shales to the south-west. The south-eastern boundary is a junction 
with Cambrian quartzite and sandstones, succeeded to the south-west 
by Caradoc sandstone. 
“The Cambrian rocks at the north-eastern end of Caer Caradoc are 
of exceptional interest. In the earlier papers of the writer, these are 
considered to be of at least Middle Cambrian age. They contain two 
thin seams of limestone, in the lower of which Prof. Charles Lapworth 
subsequently identified a Lower Cambrian trilobite, Olenellus Callavet, 
Lapworth, which furnished definite proof of the Pre-Cambrian age 
of the Uriconian System. This evidence was confirmed by the 
discovery in the upper limestone by Prof. T. T. Groom of a Para- 
doxides, another distinctively Lower Cambrian trilobite. Associated 
with these crustaceans are Kutorgina cingulata (Bill.) and other 
ancient types of Brachiopoda. Underlying these beds, comes the 
well-known basal quartzite (Wrekin Quartzite), which forms a thin 
sheet visible here and there on the slopes above. 
“The shales that appear at the south-western spur of Caer Caradoc 
constitute a part of the great Longmynd series. This was originally 
regarded as Lower Cambrian ; but the determination of the Lower 
Cambrian age of the Odenedlus-beds compels us to place it in the 
Pre-Cambrian. The name ‘ Longmyndian’ has been proposed for this 
formation. The arenaceous and conglomeratic or western subdivision 
of the series has been correlated by Prof. Lapworth with the ‘ Torri- 
donian ’ of the Northern Highlands.” 
On the summit of Little Caradoc Mr Richardson gave an address 
on the general geology of the country comprehended in the extensive 
view, after which the Members descended the hill, rejoined the car- 
riages, and drove back to the neighbourhood of Church Stretton, 
completing the day’s geology with a visit to the Carding-Mill Valley 
XIII.) which gave a very good idea of the scenery of the great 
urrowed upland that gives its name to the ancient sediments that 
compose it. 
The Members returned from Church Stretton by the 2.47 p.m. 
- train, arriving at Gloucester at 5.26 p.m. 
During the excursion some botanical work was done, and the 
Rey. Walter Butt has furnished the following details :— 
‘* The Meeting must have been an interesting one to the botanists, 
and would have been much more so had rather a longer time been 
granted them at one or two spots. The following plants came into 
the hands of one or other of the Members during their stay at Ludlow 
and Church Stretton. Several of the plants are rare in any district, 
and one at least is of extreme rarity. And most of them are either 
generally or locally rare on the Cotteswold Hills. The list may, it 
is believed, be taken to be quite accurate. 
