voL. xvI.(2) LOWER LIAS AT FRETHERNE 137 
of Cardinia, namely, C. cuneata (Stutchbury), C. ovades 
(Stutchbury), and C. emdbricata (Stutchbury).’ 
Provided the identifications are correct, the ammonites 
found by previous investigators indicate that the date of 
the clays and limestones exposed in this cliff is megasto- 
matos-obtust. 1 have obtained specimens of Sch/otheimua 
Charmasset (d’Orbigny) from the clay-deposit, bed 23, 
exposed in the shore at the western end of the cliff; 
while Mr S. S. Buckman, F.G.S., has found evidence of 
deposits of gmwendenszs hemera.? Arnioceras Bodleyt 
(J. Buckman) is not uncommon, and probably indicates 
Birchi hemera, so that the date marmoree-Birchi at least 
may be accepted, with the possible extension to megasto- 
matos-obtust. 
The Hock-Cliff section is noteworthy as being one 
of the two good sections of the beds in the lower portion 
of the Lower Lias in Gloucestershire, north of the Bitton 
area. The other is also in a river-cliff—at Maisemore, 
near Gloucester.3 Like that section, its beds are crowded 
with Foraminifera and Ostracoda, and it was here that the 
type-specimen of /nvolutina liassica (Jones) was ob- 
tained. The majority of the limestone-bands are singularly 
unfossiliferous. Except for bed 12, which is occasionally 
full of a species of Rhynchonella, and bed 2, which is 
rubbly, and replete with a brachiopod of the same genus, 
it is usually the very top-portion of a limestone-band that 
is fossiliferous if it contains fossils in any appreciable 
quantity at all. But the shelly masses, independent or 
indirectly connected with the regular limestone-beds, are 
full of well-preserved specimens, such as Pteria inequt- 
valvis (Sowerby), Pecten (Chlamys) textorius, Schlotheim, 
Lima (Radula) hettangiensis, Terquem, etc., while frag- 
ments of /socrinus tuberculatus (Miller) abound. 
x Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 1, vol. viii. (1842), pp. 481-485, and pls. ix & x. 
2 Proc. Cotteswold Nat. F. C., vol. xiii., pt. 4 (1901), p- 277- 
3 Ibid., vol. xv., pt. 3 (1906), pp. 259-262. 
