Early MSS. of Ireland. By G. Norman, M.R.C.S, F.R.S.A.1. 
(Read December 5th, 1905.) 
Mr. Norman read a short paper on the ornament of Celtic 
MSS., as especially seen in the books of Durrow and Kells. He 
pointed out the principal forms, viz., the spiral pattern, in- 
cluding the divergent spiral, the interlacing in plait work, 
the step pattern, the foliage, and especially the very curious 
animal designs. He mentioned various theories as to the intro- 
duction and development of these designs, and how, after 
reaching their full development during the 8th century, these 
designs were applied to stone work, the result being seen in 
memorial slabs, as a commencement, and the grand High 
Crosses of Ireland as a final result. In conclusion, he referred 
to the numerous Celtic memorials of this kind in the West 
country, showing how the influence continued on into Anglo- 
Saxon times, and mentioned numerous places where such 
relics could be seen. 
Facsimiles and photographs of the MSS. were exhibited at 
the meeting. 
A Vigne ak. SNon im 
